Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Least Concern | |
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2013 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | high |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 18,200,000 km2 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) | 23,900,000 km2 | medium |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | 290000 - 430000 mature individuals | poor | estimated | 2018 |
| Population trend | stable | - | suspected | - |
| Generation length | 8.46 years | - | - | - |
Population justification: Ferguson-Lees et al. (2001) estimated the population to number 100,000-1,000,000 individuals, with regional estimates suggesting between 10,000-15,000 pairs in France (Dubois et al. 2008), 1,850 in Spain (Palomino and Valls 2011), 8,000-11,000 in Belarus (Dombrovski and Ivanovski 2005) and 60,000-80,000 in European Russia (Galushin 2012). In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number 120,000-175,000 breeding pairs, equating to 241,000-350,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International in prep.). Europe forms approximately 82% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 294,000-427,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed. The global population size is likely much larger than this however, with an annual mean of 528,000 individuals (mostly adults) counted each year passing through the Batumi migratory bottleneck, with 180,000 individuals counted on a single day in 2012 (Hoekstra et al. 2020). Hence a revised global estimate is 290,000-430,000 mature individuals.
Trend justification: The population is suspected to be stable (Orta et al. 2020). The European population is estimated to be decreasing by less than 3% in 25 years (three generations [BirdLife International in prep.]), but is stable in Russia, which accounts for almost half of the European breeding population (Galushin 2012)
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Algeria | extant | native | yes | |||
| Andorra | extant | native | yes | |||
| Angola | extant | native | yes | |||
| Armenia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Austria | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Azerbaijan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Bahrain | extant | native | yes | |||
| Belarus | extant | native | yes | |||
| Belgium | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Benin | extant | native | yes | |||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Botswana | extant | native | yes | |||
| Bulgaria | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Burkina Faso | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Burundi | extant | native | yes | |||
| Cameroon | extant | native | yes | |||
| Central African Republic | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Chad | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Congo | extant | native | yes | |||
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | extant | native | yes | |||
| Côte d'Ivoire | extant | native | yes | |||
| Croatia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Cyprus | extant | native | yes | |||
| Czechia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Denmark | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Djibouti | extant | native | yes | |||
| Egypt | extant | native | yes | |||
| Equatorial Guinea | extant | native | yes | |||
| Eritrea | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Estonia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Eswatini | extant | native | yes | |||
| Ethiopia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Faroe Islands (to Denmark) | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Finland | extant | native | yes | |||
| France | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Gabon | extant | native | yes | |||
| Gambia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Georgia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Germany | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Ghana | extant | native | yes | |||
| Gibraltar (to UK) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Greece | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Guinea | extant | native | yes | |||
| Guinea-Bissau | extant | native | yes | |||
| Hungary | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Iceland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Iraq | extant | native | yes | |||
| Ireland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Israel | extant | native | yes | |||
| Italy | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Jordan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Kazakhstan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Kenya | extant | native | yes | |||
| Kuwait | extant | native | yes | |||
| Latvia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Lebanon | extant | native | yes | |||
| Liberia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Libya | extant | native | yes | |||
| Liechtenstein | extant | native | yes | |||
| Lithuania | extant | native | yes | |||
| Luxembourg | extant | native | yes | |||
| Malawi | extant | native | yes | |||
| Mali | extant | native | yes | |||
| Malta | extant | native | yes | |||
| Mauritania | extant | native | yes | |||
| Moldova | extant | native | yes | |||
| Montenegro | extant | native | yes | |||
| Morocco | extant | native | yes | |||
| Mozambique | extant | native | yes | |||
| Namibia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Netherlands | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Niger | extant | native | yes | |||
| Nigeria | extant | native | yes | |||
| North Macedonia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Norway | extant | native | yes | |||
| Oman | extant | native | yes | |||
| Palestine | extant | native | yes | |||
| Poland | extant | native | yes | |||
| Portugal | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Qatar | extant | native | yes | |||
| Romania | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Russia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Russia (Central Asian) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (European) | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Rwanda | extant | native | yes | |||
| Saudi Arabia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Senegal | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Serbia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Seychelles | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Sierra Leone | extant | native | yes | |||
| Slovakia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Slovenia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Somalia | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| South Africa | extant | native | yes | |||
| South Sudan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Spain | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Sudan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Sweden | extant | native | yes | |||
| Switzerland | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Syria | extant | native | yes | |||
| Tanzania | extant | native | yes | |||
| Togo | extant | native | yes | |||
| Tunisia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Türkiye | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Uganda | extant | native | yes | |||
| Ukraine | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| United Arab Emirates | extant | native | yes | |||
| United Kingdom | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Uzbekistan | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Western Sahara | extant | native | yes | |||
| Yemen | extant | native | yes | |||
| Zambia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Zimbabwe | extant | native | yes |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forest | Boreal | major | breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | non-breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | major | breeding |
| Savanna | Dry | suitable | non-breeding |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | non-breeding |
| Altitude | 0 - 2000 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Scale Unknown/Unrecorded | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Wood & pulp plantations - Agro-industry plantations | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Persecution/control | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Energy production & mining | Renewable energy | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Pollution | Agricultural & forestry effluents - Herbicides and pesticides | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Transportation & service corridors | Roads & railroads | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Purpose | Scale |
|---|---|
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | subsistence, national |
| Sport hunting/specimen collecting | subsistence, national |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: European Honey-buzzard Pernis apivorus. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/european-honey-buzzard-pernis-apivorus on 27/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 27/12/2024.