Data Zone
Taxonomic note
Burhinus oedicnemus and B. indicus (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) was previously lumped as B. oedicnemus following Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993).
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2018 | Least Concern | |
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2014 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Not Recognised | |
| 2008 | Not Recognised | |
| 2004 | Not Recognised | |
| 2000 | Not Recognised | |
| 1994 | Not Recognised | |
| 1988 | Not Recognised |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | does not normally occur in forest |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | 459 g |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 27,000,000 km2 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) | 28,700,000 km2 | medium |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | 360000-589999 mature individuals | poor | estimated | 2012 |
| Population trend | decreasing | - | suspected | - |
| Generation length | 10.5 years | - | - | - |
Population justification: The European population is estimated at 53,400-88,200 pairs, which equates to 107,000-176,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). The global population has not been estimated following recent taxonomic splits. However Europe forms approximately 30% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 360,000-590,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed.
Trend justification: The overall population trend is decreasing, although some populations have unknown trends (Wetlands International 2015). In Europe, trends show that in the short-term (1998-2013 and 2000-2012 respectively) the population was stable (EBCC 2015) or increasing (BirdLife International 2015).
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Albania | extant | native | yes | |||
| Algeria | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Armenia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Austria | extant | native | yes | |||
| Azerbaijan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Belarus | extant | native | yes | |||
| Belgium | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | extant | native | yes | |||
| Bulgaria | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| China (mainland) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Croatia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Cyprus | extant | native | yes | |||
| Czechia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Denmark | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Djibouti | extant | native | yes | |||
| Egypt | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Eritrea | extant | native | yes | |||
| Estonia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Ethiopia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Finland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| France | extant | native | yes | |||
| Georgia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Germany | presence uncertain | native | yes | |||
| Gibraltar (to UK) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Greece | extant | native | yes | |||
| Hungary | extant | native | yes | |||
| Iceland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Iraq | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Ireland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Israel | extant | native | yes | |||
| Italy | extant | native | yes | yes | yes | |
| Jordan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Kazakhstan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Kenya | extant | native | yes | |||
| Kuwait | presence uncertain | uncertain | ||||
| Kyrgyzstan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Lebanon | extant | native | yes | |||
| Libya | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Liechtenstein | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Lithuania | extant | native | yes | |||
| Luxembourg | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Mali | extant | native | yes | |||
| Malta | presence uncertain | uncertain | ||||
| Mauritania | extant | native | yes | |||
| Moldova | extant | native | yes | |||
| Montenegro | extant | native | yes | |||
| Morocco | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Netherlands | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Niger | extant | native | yes | |||
| Nigeria | extant | vagrant | ||||
| North Macedonia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Norway | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Oman | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Pakistan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Palestine | extant | native | yes | |||
| Poland | extant | native | yes | |||
| Portugal | extant | native | yes | |||
| Qatar | extant | native | yes | |||
| Romania | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (Central Asian) | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Russia (European) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Saudi Arabia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Senegal | extant | native | yes | |||
| Serbia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Sierra Leone | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Slovakia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Slovenia | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Somalia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Spain | extant | native | yes | yes | yes | |
| Sudan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Sweden | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Switzerland | presence uncertain | uncertain | ||||
| Syria | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Tajikistan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Tunisia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Türkiye | extant | native | yes | |||
| Turkmenistan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Uganda | extant | native | yes | |||
| Ukraine | extant | native | yes | |||
| United Arab Emirates | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| United Kingdom | extant | native | yes | |||
| Uzbekistan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Western Sahara | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Yemen | extant | native | yes | yes |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Arable Land | suitable | non-breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Arable Land | suitable | breeding |
| Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | non-breeding |
| Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | breeding |
| Grassland | Temperate | suitable | non-breeding |
| Grassland | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | non-breeding |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | breeding |
| Shrubland | Temperate | suitable | non-breeding |
| Shrubland | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
| Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Purpose | Scale |
|---|---|
| Food - human | subsistence, national |
| Food - human | subsistence, national |
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | international |
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | international |
| Sport hunting/specimen collecting | subsistence, national |
| Sport hunting/specimen collecting | subsistence, national |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Eurasian Thick-knee Burhinus oedicnemus. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/eurasian-thick-knee-burhinus-oedicnemus on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.