Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2018 | Near Threatened | A2abcd+3bcd+4abcd |
| 2016 | Near Threatened | A2cd+3cd |
| 2015 | Near Threatened | A2cd+3cd+4cd |
| 2012 | Near Threatened | A2cd+3cd+4cd |
| 2008 | Near Threatened | A2c,d; A3c,d; A4c,d |
| 2004 | Near Threatened | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
| 1988 | Threatened |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | does not normally occur in forest |
| Land-mass type |
continent |
Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 14,700,000 km2 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) | 12,600,000 km2 | medium |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | unknown | poor | estimated | 2012 |
| Population trend | decreasing | - | estimated | 2000-2031 |
| Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 20-29% | - | - | - |
| Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 20-29% | - | - | - |
| Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 20-29% | - | - | - |
| Generation length | 10.3 years | - | - | - |
| Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation | 100% | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population (excluding c.20,000 individuals in Kazakhstan) was previously estimated at a minimum of c. 240,000 individuals (C. Martínez in litt. 1999). The European population alone was recently estimated to be 122,000-240,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). The eastern population is likely to be of a similar size to the Iberian population (J. Kamp in litt. 2015). The population is therefore placed in the band 100,000-499,999 individuals.
Trend justification: The European population is estimated to be declining by 30-49% in three generations (30.9 years) (BirdLife International 2015). There is little evidence to suggest that the population in Kazakhstan has declined, as surveys in central and northern Kazakhstan show that densities did not decrease between 2008-2009 and 2015 (J. Kamp in litt. 2015). Wintering flocks in Azerbaijan are not thought to have declined (J. Kamp in litt. 2015). Europe holds around 40% of the global breeding range, but may hold as much as 80-90% of the global population. The Central Asian population may be exposed to the same threats as the western European population, e.g. agricultural change and power lines (Kamp et al. 2011, Voronova et al. 2012). Thus, the overall population is estimated to be in moderately rapid decline.
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Algeria | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Armenia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Austria | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Azerbaijan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Belarus | extinct | native | ||||
| Belgium | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Bulgaria | extinct | native | yes | |||
| China (mainland) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Croatia | extant | native | ||||
| Cyprus | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Czechia | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Denmark | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Finland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| France | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Georgia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Germany | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Greece | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Hungary | extinct | native | yes | |||
| India | extant | native | yes | |||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | extant | native | yes | |||
| Iraq | extant | native | yes | |||
| Ireland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Israel | extant | native | yes | |||
| Italy | extant | native | yes | |||
| Japan | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Jordan | extant | uncertain | yes | |||
| Kazakhstan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Kyrgyzstan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Latvia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Lebanon | extant | native | yes | |||
| Libya | extant | uncertain | yes | |||
| Luxembourg | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Malta | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Moldova | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Montenegro | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Morocco | extant | native | yes | |||
| Netherlands | extant | vagrant | ||||
| North Macedonia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Norway | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Oman | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Pakistan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Palestine | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Poland | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Portugal | extant | native | yes | |||
| Romania | extant | uncertain | yes | |||
| Russia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Russia (Central Asian) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (European) | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Serbia | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Slovakia | extinct | native | yes | |||
| Spain | extant | native | yes | |||
| Sweden | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Switzerland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Syria | extant | native | yes | |||
| Tajikistan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Tunisia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Türkiye | extant | native | yes | |||
| Turkmenistan | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Ukraine | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| United Arab Emirates | extant | vagrant | ||||
| United Kingdom | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Uzbekistan | extant | uncertain | yes | yes |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Arable Land | major | non-breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Arable Land | major | breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Pastureland | major | non-breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Pastureland | major | breeding |
| Grassland | Temperate | major | breeding |
| Grassland | Temperate | major | non-breeding |
| Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | No decline | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Wood & pulp plantations - Agro-industry plantations | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Climate change & severe weather | Droughts | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Future | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
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| Pollution | Agricultural & forestry effluents - Herbicides and pesticides | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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| Transportation & service corridors | Roads & railroads | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Transportation & service corridors | Utility & service lines | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Purpose | Scale |
|---|---|
| Food - human | subsistence, national |
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | international |
| Sport hunting/specimen collecting | subsistence, national |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/little-bustard-tetrax-tetrax on 26/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 26/12/2024.