Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | low |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | 20 g |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 20,200,000 km2 | |
| Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) | 8,250,000 km2 | |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | 8000000-17999999 mature individuals | poor | estimated | 2012 |
| Population trend | decreasing | - | suspected | - |
| Generation length | 3.6 years | - | - | - |
Population justification: In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number 3,330,000-7,070,000 pairs, which equates to 6,660,000-14,100,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). Europe forms c.80% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 8,325,000-17,625,000 mature individuals, placed here in the range 8,000,000-17,999,999 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed.
Trend justification: The population is suspected to be in decline owing to ongoing habitat destruction. Between 1980 and 2013 the European population underwent a steep decline (EBCC 2015).
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Albania | extant | native | yes | |||
| Algeria | extant | native | ||||
| Andorra | extant | native | yes | |||
| Armenia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Austria | extant | native | yes | |||
| Azerbaijan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Bahrain | extant | native | yes | |||
| Belarus | extant | native | yes | |||
| Belgium | extant | native | yes | |||
| Benin | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | extant | native | yes | |||
| Bulgaria | extant | native | yes | |||
| Cameroon | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Chad | extant | native | ||||
| China (mainland) | extant | native | ||||
| Côte d'Ivoire | extant | native | ||||
| Croatia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Cyprus | extant | native | yes | |||
| Czechia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Denmark | extant | native | yes | |||
| Djibouti | extant | native | ||||
| Egypt | extant | native | ||||
| Eritrea | extant | native | ||||
| Estonia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Ethiopia | extant | native | ||||
| Faroe Islands (to Denmark) | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Finland | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| France | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Georgia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Germany | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Gibraltar (to UK) | extant | native | ||||
| Greece | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Guinea | extant | native | ||||
| Hungary | extant | native | yes | |||
| Iceland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Iraq | extant | native | yes | |||
| Ireland | extant | native | ||||
| Israel | extant | native | ||||
| Italy | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Japan | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Jordan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Kazakhstan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Kenya | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Kuwait | extant | native | yes | |||
| Latvia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Lebanon | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Libya | extant | native | ||||
| Liechtenstein | extant | native | ||||
| Lithuania | extant | native | yes | |||
| Luxembourg | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Mali | extant | native | ||||
| Malta | extant | native | ||||
| Mauritania | extant | native | ||||
| Moldova | extant | native | yes | |||
| Mongolia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Montenegro | extant | native | yes | |||
| Morocco | extant | native | ||||
| Netherlands | extant | native | yes | |||
| Nigeria | extant | native | ||||
| North Macedonia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Norway | extant | native | yes | |||
| Oman | extant | native | yes | |||
| Palestine | extant | native | yes | |||
| Poland | extant | native | yes | |||
| Portugal | extant | native | yes | |||
| Qatar | extant | native | yes | |||
| Romania | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (Asian) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (Central Asian) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (European) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Saudi Arabia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Senegal | extant | native | ||||
| Serbia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Seychelles | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Sierra Leone | extant | native | ||||
| Slovakia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Slovenia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Somalia | extant | native | ||||
| South Korea | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Spain | extant | native | yes | |||
| Sudan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Sweden | extant | native | yes | |||
| Switzerland | extant | native | yes | |||
| Syria | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Tajikistan | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Tunisia | extant | native | ||||
| Türkiye | extant | native | yes | |||
| Turkmenistan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Uganda | extant | native | ||||
| Ukraine | extant | native | yes | |||
| United Arab Emirates | extant | native | yes | |||
| United Kingdom | extant | native | yes | |||
| Uzbekistan | extant | native | ||||
| Western Sahara | extant | native | ||||
| Yemen | extant | native | yes | yes |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Plantations | suitable | breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Plantations | suitable | non-breeding |
| Desert | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
| Desert | Temperate | suitable | non-breeding |
| Grassland | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
| Grassland | Temperate | suitable | non-breeding |
| Shrubland | Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation | suitable | breeding |
| Shrubland | Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation | suitable | non-breeding |
| Shrubland | Temperate | marginal | resident |
| Altitude | 0 - 2400 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Purpose | Scale |
|---|---|
| Food - human | subsistence, national |
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | international |
| Sport hunting/specimen collecting | subsistence, national |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/ortolan-bunting-emberiza-hortulana on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.