Brown Noddy (Anous stolidus) - BirdLife species factsheet

Brown Noddy Anous stolidus

Current view: Data table and detailed info

Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.
Turbott, E.G. 1990. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand. Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Wellington.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2020	Least Concern
2018	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Species attributes

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type		Average mass	189 g

Range

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	215,000,000 km²
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	282,000,000 km²
Severely fragmented?	no	-

Population

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	800000-14000000 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2008
Population trend	stable	-	suspected	-
Generation length	10.1 years	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population is estimated to number c.1,200,000-2,100,000 individuals (Wetlands International 2020), which roughly equates to 800,000-1,400,000 mature individuals.

Trend justification: Trends differ among populations, with some having unknown trends, while others are increasing or fluctuating (Wetlands International 2020). Overall, in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats, the species is tentatively assessed as being stable.

Country/territory distribution

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
American Samoa	extant	uncertain
Angola	extant	uncertain
Anguilla (to UK)	extant	native		yes
Antigua and Barbuda	extant	native	yes
Aruba (to Netherlands)	extant	native	yes
Australia	extant	native		yes
Bahamas	extant	native	yes
Barbados	extant	native	yes
Belize	extant	native	yes
Benin	extant	uncertain
Bermuda (to UK)	extant	vagrant			yes
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (to Netherlands)	extant	native	yes
Brazil	extant	native	yes
British Indian Ocean Territory	extant	native		yes
Brunei	extant	native	yes
Cambodia	extant	uncertain
Cameroon	extant	native	yes
Cayman Islands (to UK)	extant	native	yes
Chile	extant	native	yes
China (mainland)	extant	native	yes
Christmas Island (to Australia)	extant	native		yes
Cocos (Keeling) Islands (to Australia)	extant	native		yes
Colombia	extant	native	yes
Comoros	extant	native	yes
Congo	extant	uncertain
Cook Islands	extant	native		yes
Costa Rica	extant	native	yes
Côte d'Ivoire	extant	uncertain
Cuba	extant	native	yes
Curaçao (to Netherlands)	extant	native	yes
Djibouti	extant	native	yes
Dominica	extant	native	yes
Dominican Republic	extant	native	yes
Ecuador	extant	native	yes
Egypt	extant	native	yes
El Salvador	extant	native	yes
Equatorial Guinea	extant	native	yes
Eritrea	extant	native	yes
Fiji	extant	native	yes
French Guiana	extant	native	yes
French Polynesia	extant	native		yes
French Southern Territories	extant	uncertain
Gabon	extant	uncertain
Gambia	extant	vagrant			yes
Ghana	extant	vagrant			yes
Grenada	extant	native	yes
Guadeloupe (to France)	extant	native	yes
Guam (to USA)	extant	native		yes
Guatemala	extant	native	yes
Guyana	extant	native	yes
Haiti	extant	native	yes
Honduras	extant	native	yes
India	extant	native	yes
Indonesia	extant	native	yes
Jamaica	extant	native		yes
Japan	extant	native	yes
Kenya	extant	native	yes
Kiribati	extant	native		yes
Liberia	extant	vagrant			yes
Madagascar	extant	native	yes
Malaysia	extant	native	yes
Maldives	extant	native		yes
Marshall Islands	extant	native		yes
Martinique (to France)	extant	native	yes
Mauritius	extant	native		yes
Mayotte (to France)	extant	native	yes
Mexico	extant	native	yes
Micronesia, Federated States of	extant	native		yes
Montserrat (to UK)	extant	native	yes
Mozambique	extant	uncertain
Myanmar	extant	native	yes
Nauru	extant	native	yes
New Caledonia (to France)	extant	native		yes
New Zealand	extant	native		yes
Nicaragua	extant	native	yes
Nigeria	extant	native	yes
Niue (to New Zealand)	extant	vagrant			yes
Norfolk Island (to Australia)	extant	native		yes
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	extant	native		yes
Oman	extant	native		yes
Pakistan	extant	native	yes
Palau	extant	native		yes
Panama	extant	native	yes
Papua New Guinea	extant	uncertain
Peru	extant	uncertain
Philippines	extant	native	yes
Pitcairn Islands (to UK)	extant	native		yes
Puerto Rico (to USA)	extant	native	yes
Réunion (to France)	extant	native	yes
Samoa	extant	uncertain
São Tomé e Príncipe	extant	native		yes
Saudi Arabia	extant	native		yes
Seychelles	extant	native		yes
Sierra Leone	extant	vagrant			yes
Solomon Islands	extant	native		yes
Somalia	extant	native		yes
South Africa	extant	native	yes
Sri Lanka	extant	native	yes
St Barthelemy (to France)	extant	native
St Helena (to UK)	extant	native	yes
St Kitts and Nevis	extant	native	yes
St Lucia	extant	native	yes
St Vincent and the Grenadines	extant	native	yes
Sudan	extant	native		yes
Suriname	extant	native	yes
Taiwan, China	extant	native	yes
Tanzania	extant	native		yes
Thailand	extant	native	yes
Timor-Leste	extant	native	yes
Togo	extant	vagrant			yes
Tokelau (to New Zealand)	extant	native		yes
Tonga	extant	native		yes
Trinidad and Tobago	extant	native	yes
Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK)	extant	native		yes
Tuvalu	extant	native		yes
United Arab Emirates	extant	native			yes
United States Minor Outlying Islands (to USA)	extant	native		yes
USA	extant	native		yes
Vanuatu	extant	native		yes
Venezuela	extant	native	yes
Vietnam	extant	native	yes
Virgin Islands (to UK)	extant	native		yes
Virgin Islands (to USA)	extant	native		yes
Wallis and Futuna Islands (to France)	extant	native		yes
Yemen	extant	native		yes		yes

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Anguilla (to UK)	Dog Island
Anguilla (to UK)	Sombrero Island
Aruba (to Netherlands)	San Nicolas Bay Reef Islands
Australia	Houtman Abrolhos
Australia	Raine Island, Moulter and Maclennan Cays
Bahamas	Conception Island National Park
Bahamas	Goulding Cay Wild Bird Reserve
Bahamas	Graham's Harbour
Bahamas	North Atlantic Abaco Cays
Brazil	Atol das Rocas
British Indian Ocean Territory	Nelson Island
British Indian Ocean Territory	Western Great Chagos Bank island group
Cocos (Keeling) Islands (to Australia)	North Keeling Island
Dominica	Point Des Foux
Dominican Republic	Siete Hermanos Keys
French Polynesia	Tetiaroa
French Polynesia	Tetiaroa, Moorea et Tahiti Marine
Guadeloupe (to France)	Falaises Nord et Îlet de Vieux-Fort de Marie-Galante
India	Pitti Island
Indonesia	Pulau Gunung Api
Indonesia	Pulau Manuk
Jamaica	Morant Cays and Bank
Jamaica	Pedro Cays and Bank
Jamaica	Portland Ridge and Bight
Kiribati	Kiritimati (Christmas Island)
Kiribati	Kiritimati (Christmas Island) Marine
Kiribati	Phoenix Islands Marine
Kiribati	Rawaki (Phoenix Island)
Martinique (to France)	Îlets et falaises de Sainte Anne
Martinique (to France)	Rocher du Diamant
Mauritius	Cargados Carajos Shoals
Mauritius	Serpent Island
New Caledonia (to France)	Îles des récifs Bampton et Chesterfield
New Caledonia (to France)	Récifs Bampton et Chesterfield Marin
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	Maug Islands
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	Uracus Marine
Papua New Guinea	Tench Island
Papua New Guinea	Tench Marine
Puerto Rico (to USA)	Culebra
São Tomé e Príncipe	Tinhosas islands
Saudi Arabia	Farasan Islands
Seychelles	African Banks
Seychelles	Aride Island Special Reserve
Seychelles	Bird Island
Seychelles	Marie-Louise Island
Somalia	Jasiira Maydh
St Martin (to France)	Tintamarre
Tanzania	Latham Island
Tokelau (to New Zealand)	Atafu
Tokelau (to New Zealand)	Nukunonu
Tokelau (to New Zealand)	Tokelau Marine
Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK)	Caicos Bank Southern Cays
Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK)	Turks Bank Seabird Cays
United States Minor Outlying Islands (to USA)	Johnston Atoll
United States Minor Outlying Islands (to USA)	Johnston Atoll Marine
USA	Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
Venezuela	Wildlife Refuge Bird Island - Marine
Virgin Islands (to USA)	Saba Island and Cays
Yemen	Darsa
Yemen	Jaza'ir al-Hanish
Yemen	Kal Farun (Socotra)
Yemen	Sabuniya (Socotra)

Habitats & altitude

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	Sea Cliffs and Rocky Offshore Islands	suitable	breeding
Marine Neritic	Coral Reef - Back Slope	suitable	breeding
Marine Neritic	Coral Reef - Foreslope (Outer Reef Slope)	suitable	breeding
Marine Neritic	Coral Reef - Inter-Reef Rubble Substrate	suitable	breeding
Marine Neritic	Coral Reef - Inter-Reef Soft Substrate	suitable	breeding
Marine Neritic	Coral Reef - Lagoon	suitable	breeding
Marine Neritic	Coral Reef - Outer Reef Channel	suitable	breeding
Marine Neritic	Macroalgal/Kelp	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Pelagic	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Seagrass (Submerged)	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy-Mud	major	resident
Marine Oceanic	Epipelagic (0-200m)	suitable	resident
Marine Oceanic	Mesopelagic (200-1000m)	suitable	resident
Altitude	0 - 50 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threats & impact

Threat (level 1)

Threat (level 2)

Impact and Stresses

Biological resource use

Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Species disturbance, Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality

Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases

Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Rattus rattus

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Slow, Significant Declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Reduced reproductive success

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Brown Noddy Anous stolidus. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/brown-noddy-anous-stolidus on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.