• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Climate Change maps
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Turbott, E.G. 1990. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand. Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Wellington.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	261,000,000 km2	medium
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	259,000,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	unknown	poor	estimated	2009
Population trend	unknown	-	-	-
Generation length	5.9 years	-	-	-

Population justification: Wetlands International (2015) estimate the overall population to be 780,000-2,910,000 individuals. The European population (consisting of individuals from the caspius and porphyrio subspecies) is estimated at 9,600-51,000 pairs, which equates to 19,100-102,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015).

Trend justification: The overall population trend is uncertain, as some populations are decreasing, while others are increasing, stable, or have unknown trends (Wetlands International 2006). The European population is estimated to be fluctuating (BirdLife International 2015).

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Afghanistan	extant	native	yes
Algeria	extant	native		yes
American Samoa	extant	native		yes
Angola	extant	native	yes
Australia	extant	native		yes
Austria	extant	vagrant			yes
Azerbaijan	extant	native	yes
Bangladesh	extant	native	yes
Belgium	extant	vagrant			yes
Bhutan	extant	native	yes
Botswana	extant	native	yes
Burkina Faso	extant	native	yes
Burundi	extant	native	yes
Cambodia	extant	native	yes
Cameroon	extant	native	yes
Central African Republic	extant	native	yes
Chad	extant	native	yes
China (mainland)	extant	native	yes
Congo	extant	vagrant			yes
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	extant	native	yes
Côte d'Ivoire	extant	native	yes
Croatia	extant	native	yes
Cyprus	extant	vagrant			yes
Czechia	extant	vagrant			yes
Egypt	extant	native		yes
Eswatini	extant	native	yes
Ethiopia	extant	native	yes
Fiji	extant	native	yes
France	extant	native		yes
Gambia	extant	native	yes
Germany	extant	vagrant			yes
Ghana	extant	native	yes
Greece	extant	vagrant			yes
Guinea-Bissau	extant	native	yes
Hong Kong (China)	extant	vagrant			yes
Hungary	extant	vagrant			yes
India	extant	native	yes
Indonesia	extant	native	yes
Iran, Islamic Republic of	extant	native	yes
Iraq	extant	native	yes
Israel	extant	vagrant			yes
Italy	extant	native	yes
Jordan	extant	vagrant			yes
Kazakhstan	extant	native		yes
Kenya	extant	native	yes
Kuwait	extant	native	yes
Laos	extant	native	yes
Lebanon	extant	vagrant			yes
Lesotho	extant	native	yes
Liberia	extant	native	yes
Madagascar	extant	native	yes
Malawi	extant	native	yes
Malaysia	extant	native	yes
Mali	extant	native	yes
Mauritania	extant	native	yes
Mauritius	extinct	native	yes
Morocco	extant	native		yes
Mozambique	extant	native	yes
Myanmar	extant	native	yes
Namibia	extant	native	yes
Nepal	extant	native	yes
New Caledonia (to France)	extant	native		yes
New Zealand	extant	native		yes
Niger	extant	native	yes
Nigeria	extant	native	yes
Niue (to New Zealand)	extant	native		yes
Norway	extant	vagrant			yes
Oman	extant	vagrant			yes
Pakistan	extant	native	yes
Palau	extant	native		yes
Papua New Guinea	extant	native		yes
Philippines	extant	native	yes
Poland	extant	vagrant			yes
Portugal	extant	native	yes
Qatar	extant	native	yes
Russia	extant	native		yes
Russia (European)	extant	native		yes
Rwanda	extant	native	yes
Samoa	extant	native		yes
Senegal	extant	native	yes
Sierra Leone	extant	native	yes
Singapore	extant	native	yes
Solomon Islands	extant	native		yes
Somalia	extant	vagrant			yes
South Africa	extant	native	yes
Spain	extant	native	yes
Sri Lanka	extant	native	yes
St Helena (to UK)	extant	vagrant			yes
Sudan	extant	native	yes
Syria	extant	native	yes
Tanzania	extant	native	yes
Thailand	extant	native	yes
Timor-Leste	extant	native	yes
Togo	extant	native	yes
Tonga	extant	native		yes
Tunisia	extant	native		yes
Türkiye	extant	native	yes
Turkmenistan	extant	native		yes
Uganda	extant	native	yes
United Arab Emirates	extant	native	yes
Vanuatu	extant	native		yes
Vietnam	extant	native	yes
Zambia	extant	native	yes
Zimbabwe	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Azerbaijan	Aggyol
Azerbaijan	Gizilagach
Azerbaijan	Lake Sarysu
Azerbaijan	Shorgel lakes/Shirvan reserve
Burkina Faso	Béli River
Burkina Faso	Lake Oursi - Lake Darkoye
Egypt	Lake Burullus
Egypt	Lake Manzala
Egypt	Wadi El Rayan Protected Area
India	Mangal Jodi
Italy	Cagliari wetlands
Italy	Casaraccio pool, Stintino saltpans and Pilo pool
Italy	Central Campidano
Italy	Palmas Gulf wetlands
Italy	Sinis and Oristano wetlands
Malawi	Lake Chilwa and flood-plain
Mali	Lac Débo - Lac Oualado Débo
Mauritania	Gâat Mahmoûdé
Mauritania	Lac d'Aleg
Mauritania	Lac de Mâl
Mauritania	Rkîz
Mauritania	Sawana - Oum Lellé
Myanmar	Indawgyi Lake Wildlife Sanctuary and surroundings
Niger	Kokoro wetland
Nigeria	Hadejia-Nguru wetlands
Portugal	Lagoa Pequena
Portugal	Paul do Boquilobo
Portugal	Pera marsh
Portugal	Ria Formosa (Faro lagoon)
Portugal	Santo André and Sancha lagoons
Portugal	Vilamoura
Russia (European)	Chechen' Island and east seaside of Agrakhan peninsula
Spain	Albufera de Mallorca and Albufereta de Pollença marshes
Spain	Ampurdán marshes
Spain	Castrejón reservoir
Spain	Cortados del Jarama
Spain	Ebro delta
Spain	El Moro marshes
Spain	Guadalquivir marshes
Spain	Marmolejo reservoir-La Ropera
Spain	Medina and Puerto Real lagoons
Spain	Middle section of river Guadalquivir reservoirs
Spain	Wetlands at south Córdoba
Türkiye	Göksu Delta
Türkiye	Kızılırmak Delta
Türkiye	Seyhan Delta
Vietnam	U Minh Thuong

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Wastewater Treatment Areas	suitable	resident
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Water Storage Areas (over 8ha)	suitable	resident
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	Coastal Freshwater Lakes	suitable	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands	suitable	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)	suitable	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	suitable	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)	suitable	resident
Altitude	0 - 2500 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Purpose	Scale
Food - human	subsistence, national
Pets/display animals, horticulture	subsistence, national
Sport hunting/specimen collecting	subsistence, national

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/purple-swamphen-porphyrio-porphyrio on 26/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 26/12/2024.