• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2020	Least Concern
2018	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	32,700,000 km2
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	45,200,000 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	130000 mature individuals	medium	estimated	2016
Population trend	decreasing	-	suspected	-
Generation length	13.9 years	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population is estimated to number 130,000 mature individuals (Partners in Flight 2019).

Trend justification: The species is undergoing a moderate decline (Partners in Flight 2019).

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Anguilla (to UK)	extant	native	yes
Antigua and Barbuda	extant	native	yes
Argentina	extant	vagrant			yes
Aruba (to Netherlands)	extant	native	yes
Bahamas	extant	native	yes
Barbados	extant	native	yes
Belize	extant	native	yes
Bermuda (to UK)	extant	native		yes
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (to Netherlands)	extant	native	yes
Brazil	extant	native	yes
Canada	extant	uncertain	yes
Cape Verde	extant	native	yes
Cayman Islands (to UK)	extant	native	yes
Chile	extant	vagrant
Colombia	extant	native	yes
Costa Rica	extant	native	yes
Cuba	extant	native	yes
Curaçao (to Netherlands)	extant	native	yes
Denmark	extant	vagrant			yes
Dominica	extant	native	yes
Dominican Republic	extant	native	yes
Ecuador	extant	native	yes
El Salvador	extant	native	yes
France	extant	vagrant			yes
French Guiana	extant	native	yes
Gambia	extant	vagrant			yes
Grenada	extant	native	yes
Guadeloupe (to France)	extant	native	yes
Guatemala	extant	native	yes
Guyana	extant	native	yes
Haiti	extant	native	yes
Honduras	extant	native	yes
Jamaica	extant	native		yes
Martinique (to France)	extant	native	yes
Mauritania	extant	vagrant			yes
Mexico	extant	native	yes
Montserrat (to UK)	extant	native	yes
Nicaragua	extant	native	yes
Panama	extant	native	yes
Peru	extant	native	yes
Portugal	extant	vagrant			yes
Puerto Rico (to USA)	extant	native		yes
Senegal	extant	uncertain
Sint Maarten (to Netherlands)	extant	native	yes
Spain	extant	vagrant			yes
St Barthelemy (to France)	extant	native
St Kitts and Nevis	extant	native	yes
St Lucia	extant	native	yes
St Martin (to France)	extant	native	yes
St Vincent and the Grenadines	extant	native	yes
Suriname	extant	native	yes
Trinidad and Tobago	extant	native	yes
Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK)	extant	native		yes
United States Minor Outlying Islands (to USA)	extant	native	yes
Uruguay	extant	native			yes
USA	extant	native		yes
Venezuela	extant	native	yes
Virgin Islands (to UK)	extant	native	yes
Virgin Islands (to USA)	extant	native	yes
Western Sahara	extant	uncertain

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Anguilla (to UK)	Dog Island
Antigua and Barbuda	Codrington Lagoon and the Creek
Antigua and Barbuda	Redonda
Bahamas	Cay Verde
Bahamas	Guana Cays
Bahamas	North Atlantic Abaco Cays
Brazil	Arquipélago dos Alcatrazes
Brazil	Ilhas dos Currais
Cayman Islands (to UK)	Booby Pond Nature Reserve
Colombia	Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona
Cuba	Gran Humedal del Norte de Ciego de Ávila
Dominica	L'llet
Dominican Republic	Cotubanamá
Ecuador	Isla de la Plata
Ecuador	Isla Santa Clara
Ecuador	Refugio de Vida Silvestre Isla Corazón e Isla Fragata
French Guiana	Connétable
Jamaica	Black River Great Morass
Jamaica	Pedro Cays and Bank
Jamaica	Portland Ridge and Bight
Martinique (to France)	Pointe Pain de Sucre
Mexico	Isla Contoy
Mexico	Isla Isabel
Mexico	Istmo de Tehuantepec - Mar Muerto
Mexico	Los Tuxtlas
Nicaragua	Booby Cay Island
Puerto Rico (to USA)	Mona and Monito
St Vincent and the Grenadines	All Awash Island
St Vincent and the Grenadines	Battowia Island
St Vincent and the Grenadines	Petit Canouan
Trinidad and Tobago	St Giles Islands
Virgin Islands (to UK)	Great Tobago

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level	major	breeding
Marine Neritic	Macroalgal/Kelp	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Pelagic	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Seagrass (Submerged)	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy-Mud	major	resident
Marine Oceanic	Epipelagic (0-200m)	major	resident
Marine Oceanic	Mesopelagic (200-1000m)	major	resident
Altitude		Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species disturbance, Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality
Human intrusions & disturbance	Work & other activities	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Residential & commercial development	Commercial & industrial areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Purpose	Scale
Food - human	subsistence, national
Pets/display animals, horticulture	international

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/magnificent-frigatebird-fregata-magnificens on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.