Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Least Concern | |
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2015 | Least Concern | |
| 2013 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | low |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 3,090,000 km2 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) | 1,890,000 km2 | medium |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | 32400-33300 mature individuals | medium | estimated | 2020 |
| Population trend | increasing | - | suspected | - |
| Generation length | 4.73 years | - | - | - |
Population justification: In Europe (which covers >95% of the breeding range), the population is estimated at 14,200-14,500 pairs, which equates to 28,400-28,900 mature individuals (BirdLife International in prep.). The North African population is estimated at approximately 2,000-2,200 pairs, or 4,000-4,400 mature individuals (Garrido et al. in prep.). Therefore the overall population is estimated at 32,400-33,300 mature individuals, equating to c.48,600-50,000 individuals.
Trend justification: In Europe, which holds a large proportion of the global population, the population size is estimated to be stable (BirdLife International in prep.). The population in North Africa is estimated to be increasing due to conservation actions (Garrido et al. in prep), although there have been significant declines in some parts of Algeria (Touati et al. 2017).
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algeria | extant | native | yes | |||
| Benin | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Bulgaria | extant | native | yes | |||
| Comoros | extant | native | ||||
| Côte d'Ivoire | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Croatia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Cyprus | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Denmark | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Djibouti | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Egypt | extant | native | ||||
| Eritrea | extant | native | ||||
| France | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| French Southern Territories | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Gibraltar (to UK) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Greece | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Hungary | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Israel | extant | native | ||||
| Italy | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Jordan | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Kenya | extant | native | ||||
| Lebanon | extant | native | yes | |||
| Libya | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Madagascar | extant | native | ||||
| Malawi | extant | native | ||||
| Malta | extant | native | yes | |||
| Mauritania | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Mauritius | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Mayotte (to France) | extant | native | ||||
| Montenegro | extant | native | yes | |||
| Morocco | extant | native | yes | |||
| Mozambique | extant | vagrant | ||||
| North Macedonia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Poland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Portugal | extant | native | ||||
| Réunion (to France) | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Rwanda | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Serbia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Seychelles | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Somalia | extant | native | ||||
| South Africa | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Spain | extant | native | yes | |||
| Sudan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Sweden | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Syria | extant | native | yes | |||
| Tanzania | extant | native | ||||
| Togo | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Tunisia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Türkiye | extant | native | yes | |||
| United Arab Emirates | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| United Kingdom | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Yemen | extant | vagrant | yes |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Arable Land | suitable | non-breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | suitable | non-breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
| Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Coastal/Supratidal | Sea Cliffs and Rocky Offshore Islands | major | breeding |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) | suitable | resident |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) | suitable | resident |
| Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits | (max) 3000 m |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Agriculture & aquaculture | Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Persecution/control | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
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| Climate change & severe weather | Droughts | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Future | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Climate change & severe weather | Habitat shifting & alteration | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Future | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Climate change & severe weather | Other impacts | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Future | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Energy production & mining | Renewable energy | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Human intrusions & disturbance | Recreational activities | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Named species | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Problematic native species/diseases - Named species | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Natural system modifications | Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Future | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Pollution | Agricultural & forestry effluents - Herbicides and pesticides | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Past, Unlikely to Return | Minority (<50%) | Rapid Declines | Past Impact | ||||||
|
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| Purpose | Scale |
|---|---|
| Food - human | subsistence |
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | international |
| Sport hunting/specimen collecting | subsistence, national |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Eleonora's Falcon Falco eleonorae. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/eleonoras-falcon-falco-eleonorae on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.