Common Greenshank (Tringa nebularia) - BirdLife species factsheet

Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia

Current view: Data table and detailed info

Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and taxonomy of Australian birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
Christidis, L.; Boles, W. E. 2008. Systematics and taxonomy of Australian birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
Cramp, S. and Perrins, C.M. 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Cramp, S.; Perrins, C. M. 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
del Hoyo, J.; Collar, N. J.; Christie, D. A.; Elliott, A.; Fishpool, L. D. C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International.
Turbott, E. G. 1990. Checklist of the birds of New Zealand. Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Wellington.
Turbott, E.G. 1990. Checklist of the birds of New Zealand. Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Wellington.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Species attributes

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	low
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

Range

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	18,700,000 km²	medium
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	151,000,000 km²	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

Population

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	unknown	poor	estimated	2012
Population trend	stable	-	suspected	-
Generation length	6.3 years	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population is estimated to number c.440,000-1,500,000 individuals (Wetlands International 2015). The European population is estimated at 98,700-202,000 pairs, which equates to 197,000-405,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). National population estimates include: < c.10,000 individuals on migration and c.1,000-10,000 wintering individuals in China; c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration and c.1,000-10,000 wintering individuals in Taiwan; c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration and < c.50 wintering individuals in Korea; c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration and c.1,000-10,000 wintering individuals in Japan and c.10,000-100,000 breeding pairs and c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration in Russia (Brazil 2009).

Trend justification: The overall population trend is stable, although some populations have unknown trends (BirdLife International 2015, Wetlands International 2015).

Country/territory distribution

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Afghanistan	extant	native				yes
Albania	extant	native			yes
Algeria	extant	native
Angola	extant	native
Armenia	extant	native
Australia	extant	native
Austria	extant	native				yes
Azerbaijan	extant	native			yes
Bahrain	extant	native			yes	yes
Bangladesh	extant	native
Barbados	extant	vagrant
Belarus	extant	native		yes
Belgium	extant	native			yes
Benin	extant	native
Bermuda (to UK)	extant	vagrant
Bhutan	extant	native
Bosnia and Herzegovina	extant	native
Botswana	extant	native
British Indian Ocean Territory	extant	native
Brunei	extant	native
Bulgaria	extant	native			yes
Burkina Faso	extant	native
Burundi	extant	native
Cambodia	extant	native
Cameroon	extant	native
Canada	extant	vagrant
Cape Verde	extant	native
Central African Republic	extant	native
Chad	extant	native
China (mainland)	extant	native
Christmas Island (to Australia)	extant	native
Cocos (Keeling) Islands (to Australia)	extant	native
Comoros	extant	native
Congo	extant	native
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	extant	native
Côte d'Ivoire	extant	native
Croatia	extant	native				yes
Cyprus	extant	native			yes	yes
Czechia	extant	native
Denmark	extant	native				yes
Djibouti	extant	native
Egypt	extant	native
Equatorial Guinea	extant	native
Eritrea	extant	native
Estonia	extant	native		yes
Eswatini	extant	native
Ethiopia	extant	native
Faroe Islands (to Denmark)	extant	vagrant
Finland	extant	native		yes		yes
France	extant	native			yes	yes
French Southern Territories	extant	vagrant
Gabon	extant	native
Gambia	extant	native
Georgia	extant	native
Germany	extant	native		yes		yes
Ghana	extant	native
Greece	extant	native			yes	yes
Guam (to USA)	extant	native			yes
Guinea	extant	native
Guinea-Bissau	extant	native
Hong Kong (China)	extant	native			yes
Hungary	extant	native
Iceland	extant	vagrant
India	extant	native
Indonesia	extant	native
Iran, Islamic Republic of	extant	native			yes	yes
Iraq	extant	native			yes	yes
Ireland	extant	native	yes			yes
Israel	extant	native
Italy	extant	native			yes	yes
Japan	extant	native
Jordan	extant	native				yes
Kazakhstan	extant	native
Kenya	extant	native
Kuwait	extant	native			yes	yes
Kyrgyzstan	extant	native
Laos	extant	native
Latvia	extant	native		yes
Lebanon	extant	native			yes	yes
Lesotho	extant	native
Liberia	extant	native
Libya	extant	native
Liechtenstein	extant	native
Luxembourg	extant	native
Madagascar	extant	native
Malawi	extant	native
Malaysia	extant	native			yes
Maldives	extant	native
Mali	extant	native
Malta	extant	native
Mauritania	extant	native
Mauritius	extant	native
Mayotte (to France)	extant	native
Micronesia, Federated States of	extant	native			yes
Moldova	extant	native				yes
Mongolia	extant	native
Montenegro	extant	native			yes
Morocco	extant	native
Mozambique	extant	native
Myanmar	extant	native
Namibia	extant	native
Nepal	extant	native
Netherlands	extant	native			yes
New Caledonia (to France)	extant	vagrant
New Zealand	extant	native
Niger	extant	native
Nigeria	extant	native
North Korea	extant	native
North Macedonia	extant	native			yes
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	extant	native			yes
Norway	extant	native		yes		yes
Oman	extant	native			yes	yes
Pakistan	extant	native
Palau	extant	native			yes
Palestine	extant	native				yes
Papua New Guinea	extant	native
Philippines	extant	native			yes
Poland	extant	native				yes
Portugal	extant	native			yes
Puerto Rico (to USA)	extant	vagrant
Qatar	extant	native			yes	yes
Réunion (to France)	extant	native
Romania	extant	native				yes
Russia	extant	native	yes	yes		yes
Russia (Asian)	extant	native		yes
Russia (Central Asian)	extant	native		yes		yes
Russia (European)	extant	native	yes			yes
Rwanda	extant	native
São Tomé e Príncipe	extant	native
Saudi Arabia	extant	native			yes	yes
Senegal	extant	native
Serbia	extant	native			yes
Seychelles	extant	native
Sierra Leone	extant	native
Singapore	extant	native
Slovakia	extant	native			yes
Slovenia	extant	native			yes	yes
Solomon Islands	extant	native
Somalia	extant	native
South Africa	extant	native
South Korea	extant	native
South Sudan	extant	native			yes
Spain	extant	native			yes
Sri Lanka	extant	native
Sudan	extant	native
Sweden	extant	native		yes		yes
Switzerland	extant	native
Syria	extant	native			yes	yes
Taiwan, China	extant	native
Tajikistan	extant	native
Tanzania	extant	native
Thailand	extant	native
Timor-Leste	extant	native			yes	yes
Togo	extant	native
Tunisia	extant	native
Türkiye	extant	native			yes
Turkmenistan	extant	native
Uganda	extant	native
Ukraine	extant	native	yes			yes
United Arab Emirates	extant	native			yes	yes
United Kingdom	extant	native	yes			yes
USA	extant	vagrant			yes
Uzbekistan	extant	native
Vietnam	extant	native
Western Sahara	extant	native
Yemen	extant	native			yes	yes
Zambia	extant	native
Zimbabwe	extant	native

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)

Country/Territory	IBA Name
China (mainland)	Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve
China (mainland)	Wenzhou Wan
China (mainland)	Yalu Jiang Estuary
China (mainland)	Yueqing Wan
Finland	Elimyssalo
Finland	Kemihaara (Vuotos) mires and forests
Finland	Lemmenjoki-Hammastunturi-Pulju
Finland	Litokaira
Finland	Luosto
Finland	Oulanka-Sukerijärvi
Finland	Oulu region wetlands
Finland	Pallas and Ylläs fjelds
Finland	Runkaus-Saariaapa-Tainijärvet
Finland	Saariselkä and Koilliskaira
Finland	Talaskangas
Finland	Värriö-Tuntsa
Germany	Lower Saxony Wadden Sea National Park
Germany	Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park (includes the Halligs, Kniepsand/Amrum, Lister Koog, Rantumbecken, Rickelsb
Ghana	Keta Lagoon Ramsar Site
Ghana	Songor Ramsar Site
Hong Kong (China)	Inner Deep Bay and Shenzhen River catchment area
Japan	Hakata bay
Japan	Inner Ariake bay
Malaysia	North-central Selangor coast
Mauritania	Banc d'Arguin National Park
Myanmar	Gulf of Mottama
Netherlands	Wadden Sea
Norway	Øvre Anárjohka
Norway	Øvre Pasvik
Norway	Reisa
Oman	Barr al Hikman
Philippines	Mactan, Kalawisan and Cansaga Bays
Russia (Asian)	Forty Islands
Russia (Asian)	Lower Tumen river
Russia (Asian)	Malkachan bay
Russia (Asian)	Muna-Besyuke
Russia (Asian)	Nevskoye Lake
Russia (Asian)	Northern slope of Khamar-Daban mountains
Russia (Asian)	Schast'ya Gulf
Russia (Asian)	Tunkin valley
Russia (Asian)	Udyl' lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Bol'shoy and Maly Akh lakes
Russia (Central Asian)	Bystroistokskaya
Russia (Central Asian)	Dikoye and Epanchino lakes
Russia (Central Asian)	Dvuob'ye
Russia (Central Asian)	Kataiginskiye bogs
Russia (Central Asian)	Kondinskiye lakes
Russia (Central Asian)	Kondo-Alymskaya
Russia (Central Asian)	Russkoye lake
Russia (Central Asian)	Seketovo, Rakhtovo and Artevo lakes
Russia (Central Asian)	Ust'-Ozerninskiye bogs
Russia (Central Asian)	Visimsky zapovednik and vicinity
Russia (Central Asian)	Vizhay river
Russia (Central Asian)	Vodorazdel'naya
Russia (Central Asian)	Watershed of the Mulym'ya and Bolshoy Tap rivers
Russia (Central Asian)	Zaikovo forest
Russia (Central Asian)	Zapovednik "Denezhkin Kamen'"
Russia (European)	Adovo-Chugrumski wetland
Russia (European)	Druzhinnoe lake and its outskirts
Russia (European)	Iremel'ski mountain
Russia (European)	Kamsko-Bakaldinskiye marshes
Russia (European)	Kivach Nature Reserve
Russia (European)	Lapland Biosphere Reserve
Russia (European)	Pizhemski reserve
Russia (European)	Ponoiskaya depression
Russia (European)	Valley of Sysola river
Russia (European)	Verkhnevisherski mountain
Russia (European)	Vicinity of the Vozhe lake and Charonda marshes
Russia (European)	Yamantau mountain
Russia (European)	Yuzhskoe lake-land
South Korea	Asan Bay (including Asan-ho lake and Sapgyo-ho lake)
South Korea	Baeksu tidal flat
South Korea	Cheonsu Bay
South Korea	Daebu-do island
South Korea	Dongjin estuary
South Korea	Sihwa-ho lake
South Korea	Tidal flat area of southern Ganghwa-do island
Sweden	River Ume Delta and Plains

Habitats & altitude

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Salt Exploitation Sites	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Seasonally Flooded Agricultural Land	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Wastewater Treatment Areas	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level	suitable	non-breeding
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	Coastal Freshwater Lakes	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Intertidal	Mud Flats and Salt Flats	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Intertidal	Rocky Shoreline	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Intertidal	Salt Marshes (Emergent Grasses)	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Intertidal	Tidepools	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Coral Reef - Back Slope	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Coral Reef - Foreslope (Outer Reef Slope)	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Coral Reef - Inter-Reef Rubble Substrate	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Coral Reef - Inter-Reef Soft Substrate	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Coral Reef - Lagoon	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Coral Reef - Outer Reef Channel	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Estuaries	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands	suitable	breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)	suitable	breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls)	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)	suitable	breeding
Altitude		Occasional altitudinal limits

Threats & impact

Threat (level 1)

Threat (level 2)

Impact and Stresses

Human intrusions & disturbance

Work & other activities

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Slow, Significant Declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Species disturbance

Natural system modifications

Other ecosystem modifications

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Slow, Significant Declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Ecosystem degradation

Pollution

Domestic & urban waste water - Type Unknown/Unrecorded

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Slow, Significant Declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Ecosystem degradation

Utilisation

Purpose	Scale
Food - human	subsistence, national
Pets/display animals, horticulture	international
Sport hunting/specimen collecting	subsistence, national

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/common-greenshank-tringa-nebularia on 24/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 24/11/2024.