LC
Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos



Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history
Red List criteria met
Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable
- - -

Red List history
Year Category Criteria
2024 Least Concern
2016 Least Concern
2014 Least Concern
2012 Least Concern
2009 Least Concern
2008 Least Concern
2004 Least Concern
2000 Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994 Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988 Lower Risk/Least Concern
Species attributes

Migratory status full migrant Forest dependency medium
Land-mass type Average mass -
Range

Estimate Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) 19,300,000 km2 medium
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) 10,200,000 km2 medium
Severely fragmented? no -
Population
Estimate Data quality Derivation Year of estimate
Population size 37100000-55800000 mature individuals poor estimated 2018
Population trend stable - estimated -
Generation length 2.73 years - - -

Population justification: In Europe, the total population size is estimated at 20,400,000-30,700,000 mature individuals, with 10,200,000-15,400,000 breeding pairs (BirdLife International 2021), and comprises approximately 55% of the species' global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is between 37,100,000-55,800,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is desirable. The species' population in Europe is considered to have remained relatively stable over three generations (10 years) (BirdLife International 2021). As this region holds the majority of the species' global range, the global population size is considered to be stable over three generations. This species is considered to have a medium dependency on forest habitat, which is estimated to be declining at a slow rate within its mapped range (Global Forest Watch 2024).

Trend justification:    .


Country/territory distribution
Country/Territory Presence Origin Resident Breeding visitor Non-breeding visitor Passage migrant
Afghanistan extant native yes
Albania extant native yes
Algeria extant native
Andorra extant native yes
Armenia extant native yes
Austria extant native yes
Azerbaijan extant native yes
Bahrain extant native yes
Belgium extant native yes
Benin extant native yes
Bosnia and Herzegovina extant native yes
Bulgaria extant native yes yes
Burkina Faso extant native
Cameroon extant native
Cape Verde extant vagrant
Central African Republic extant native
Chad extant native
China (mainland) extant native yes
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the extant native
Côte d'Ivoire extant native
Croatia extant native yes
Cyprus extant native yes
Czechia extant native yes
Denmark extant native yes
Djibouti extant vagrant
Egypt extant native
Estonia extant vagrant
Ethiopia extant native
Faroe Islands (to Denmark) extant vagrant
Finland extant vagrant
France extant native yes
Gambia extant native
Georgia extant native yes
Germany extant native yes yes
Ghana extant native
Gibraltar (to UK) extant native yes
Greece extant native yes yes
Guinea extant native
Hungary extant native yes
Iceland extant vagrant
India extant vagrant
Iran, Islamic Republic of extant native yes
Iraq extant native yes yes
Ireland extant vagrant
Israel extant native yes
Italy extant native yes yes
Jordan extant native yes yes
Kazakhstan extant native yes
Kenya extant native
Kuwait extant native yes
Kyrgyzstan extant native yes
Lebanon extant native yes yes
Liberia extant native
Libya extant native
Liechtenstein extant native yes
Lithuania extant vagrant
Luxembourg extant native yes
Mali extant native
Malta extant native
Mauritania extant native
Moldova extant native yes
Mongolia extant native yes
Montenegro extant native yes
Morocco extant native
Netherlands extant native yes
Niger extant vagrant
Nigeria extant native
North Macedonia extant native yes
Norway extant vagrant
Oman extant native yes
Palestine extant native yes yes
Poland extant native yes
Portugal extant native yes
Qatar extant native yes
Romania extant native yes
Russia extant native yes
Russia (European) extant native yes
Saudi Arabia extant native yes
Senegal extant native
Serbia extant native yes
Sierra Leone extant native
Slovakia extant native yes
Slovenia extant native yes
Somalia extant native
South Sudan extant native yes
Spain extant native yes
Sudan extant native
Sweden extant vagrant
Switzerland extant native yes
Syria extant native yes yes
Tajikistan extant native yes
Tanzania extant native
Togo extant native
Tunisia extant native
Türkiye extant native yes
Turkmenistan extant native yes
Uganda extant native
Ukraine extant native yes
United Arab Emirates extant native yes
United Kingdom extant native yes
Uzbekistan extant native yes
Western Sahara extant native
Yemen extant native yes

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)
Country/Territory IBA Name
Germany Lower Elbe valley
Germany Lower Oder valley
Germany Schorfheide-Chorin
Germany Spreewald
Germany Uckermark lake region
Russia (European) Mouth of Samur river
Serbia Fruska gora
Serbia Pusta reka
Serbia Stara mountains
Serbia Toplica

Habitats & altitude
Habitat (level 1) Habitat (level 2) Importance Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial Arable Land suitable non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Arable Land suitable breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Plantations suitable non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Plantations suitable breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Rural Gardens suitable non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Rural Gardens suitable breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Urban Areas suitable non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Urban Areas suitable breeding
Forest Subtropical/Tropical Dry suitable non-breeding
Forest Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland suitable non-breeding
Forest Temperate suitable non-breeding
Forest Temperate major breeding
Shrubland Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation suitable non-breeding
Shrubland Subtropical/Tropical Dry suitable non-breeding
Shrubland Temperate major breeding
Altitude 0 - 2720 m Occasional altitudinal limits  

Utilisation
Purpose Scale
Food - human subsistence, national
Pets/display animals, horticulture international
Sport hunting/specimen collecting subsistence, national

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/common-nightingale-luscinia-megarhynchos on 26/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 26/12/2024.