• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
Brooke, M. de L. 2004. Albatrosses and Petrels Across the World. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Turbott, E.G. 1990. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand. Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Wellington.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	B2ab(ii,v); D2

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2018	Vulnerable	B2ab(ii,v); D2
2016	Vulnerable	B2ab(ii,v); D2
2012	Vulnerable	B2ab(v);D2
2008	Vulnerable	B2a+b(v); D2
2007	Vulnerable
2005	Vulnerable
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	shelf island	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	152,000,000 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	20 km2	medium
Number of locations	7	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	2000-14000 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2000
Population trend	decreasing	poor	suspected	-
Generation length	15.6 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	2-100	-	-	-

Population justification: Based on currently known colonies, the global population is estimated to number 3,000-21,000 individuals, roughly equivalent to 2,000-14,000 mature individuals (V. Bretagnolle in litt. 1999, 2000, Garnet and Crowley 2000, Priddel and Carlile 2009). However, this is pending the discovery of possible new colonies in New Caledonia.

Trend justification: There are no data on population trends in caledonica, and although leucoptera is now stable the species is suspected to be declining overall, owing mainly to predation of nesting adults and chicks.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
American Samoa	extant	native			yes
Antarctica	extant	vagrant
Australia	extant	native		yes
Cook Islands	extant	native			yes
Ecuador	extant	uncertain
Fiji	extant	uncertain
French Polynesia	extant	native		yes
High Seas	extant	native			yes
Kiribati	extant	uncertain
New Caledonia (to France)	extant	native		yes
New Zealand	extant	native			yes
Niue (to New Zealand)	extant	native			yes
Norfolk Island (to Australia)	extant	native			yes
Peru	extant	native			yes
Pitcairn Islands (to UK)	extant	native			yes
Samoa	extant	uncertain
Tokelau (to New Zealand)	extant	uncertain
Tonga	extant	uncertain
Tuvalu	extant	uncertain
United States Minor Outlying Islands (to USA)	extant	uncertain
Vanuatu	extant	uncertain
Wallis and Futuna Islands (to France)	extant	native			yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Australia	Cabbage Tree and Boondelbah Islands
French Polynesia	Pentes du mont Hiro de Raivavae
High Seas	Pacific, Eastern Central 11 - Marine
High Seas	Pacific, Eastern Central 12 - Marine
High Seas	Pacific, Eastern Central 9 - Marine
High Seas	Pacific, Southwest 12 - Marine
Kiribati	Pacific, Eastern Central 13 - Marine
New Caledonia (to France)	Dent de Saint-Vincent
New Caledonia (to France)	Grand Lagon Sud Marin
New Caledonia (to France)	Grand Sud Marin
New Caledonia (to France)	Massifs du Grand Sud - entre le mont Humboldt et la rivière Bleue
New Caledonia (to France)	Pacific, Western Central 5 - Marine
Norfolk Island (to Australia)	Pacific, Southwest 9 - Marine
United States Minor Outlying Islands (to USA)	Pacific, Eastern Central 10 - Marine
United States Minor Outlying Islands (to USA)	Palmyra Atoll Marine

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	breeding
Marine Neritic	Pelagic	major	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Pelagic	major	breeding
Marine Oceanic	Epipelagic (0-200m)	major	non-breeding
Marine Oceanic	Epipelagic (0-200m)	major	breeding
Altitude	350 - 650 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Biological resource use	Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Likely to Return		Minority (<50%)		No decline		Past Impact
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Reduced reproductive success
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Oryctolagus cuniculus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Pisonia umbellifera	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Rattus rattus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Sus domesticus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Corvus coronoides	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Strepera graculina	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Species mortality
Pollution	Excess energy - Light pollution	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: White-winged Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/white-winged-petrel-pterodroma-leucoptera on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.