• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	B1ab(ii,iii)+2ab(ii,iii)	B1ab(ii,iii)+2ab(ii,iii)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2023	Endangered	B1ab(ii,iii)+2ab(ii,iii)
2016	Endangered	B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2012	Endangered	B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2008	Endangered	B1a+b(i,ii,iii,v)
2004	Endangered
2000	Endangered
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	300 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	230 km2
Number of locations	2-10,3-5	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1000-2499 mature individuals	poor	inferred	2021
Population trend	decreasing	poor	suspected	2020-2030
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-29%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-29%	-	-	-
Generation length	2.71 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: Density estimates of Asian montane congeners range from 2 individuals/km² (Techachoochert et al. 2021) to 14 individuals/km² (Evans et al. 1993). Assuming 100% occupancy of suitable habitat in its range, the population could number 460-3,220, equivalent to c.304-2,125 mature individuals. Given the size of the species (which is closer to that of Sitta oenochlamys, the derivation of the 14 individuals/km² estimate), Sitta victoriae is inferred to number c.1,000-2,499 mature individuals.

Trend justification: Habitat degradation and destruction are continuing within this species' small range, primarily from logging and shifting cultivation, suggesting that moderate to slow population declines are likely to be ongoing (Naing 2003, Global Forest Watch 2022). In the ten years to 2022, approximately 5% of this species' habitat was lost (according to Global Forest Watch [2022], based on data from Hansen et al. [2013] and methods disclosed therein), however much of this was from slash-and-burn activity in 2020 and 2021, which also has appeared to cause degradation not detected by Global Forest Watch (2022). It is unclear whether these rates will continue, but protection afforded by the Natmataung National Park appears to currently be weak.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Myanmar	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Myanmar	Natmataung (Mount Victoria)

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	2500 - 3000 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	(min) 2400 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Unintentional effects (species is not the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Unknown		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: White-browed Nuthatch Sitta victoriae. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/white-browed-nuthatch-sitta-victoriae on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.