Current view: Data table and detailed info
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.
IUCN Red List criteria met and history
Red List criteria met
Red List history
| Migratory status |
not a migrant |
Forest dependency |
high |
| Land-mass type |
continent
|
Average mass |
- |
Population justification: Three-toed Jacamar was considered very common in the early and mid-19th century and must have suffered a very substantial decline in numbers as a result of habitat loss. Although it is common in some localities, especially in eastern Minas Gerais (L. G. Mazzoni in litt. 2020), it is now local even in the core of its range. Its population size has not been estimated directly. There have been recent records from at least 97 municipalities, and the species is usually recorded in flocks of around ten individuals (Tobias et al.2019, WikiAves 2015, D. Mendes in litt. 2020).
Based on an assumed population density of 1.1-1.8 individuals/km2 (based on the minimum and first quartile of 11 estimates for five jacamar species), the area of tree cover with at least 30% canopy cover in 2010 within the species's mapped range (89,200km2; Global Forest Watch 2020), and assuming, based on the species's localised distribution, that 2-5% of the area of tree cover is occupied, the species's population is suspected to be within the range 1,962-8,028 individuals, which is assumed to equate to 1,308 - 5,352 mature individuals, here rounded to 1,300 - 5,400 mature individuals.
The species is distributed in multiple subpopulations, which are likely to be small. Assuming that the true population size is closer to the lower end of the estimate, it is likely that no subpopulation consists of more than 250 mature individuals.
Trend justification: Over the three generations (16 years) from 2003 to 2019, approximately 11% of tree cover with at least 30% canopy cover was lost within the species's range (Global Forest Watch 2020). Three-toed Jacamar seems to be able to tolerate forest fragmentation, degradation and disturbance (Machado and Lamas 1996, Silveira and Rocha Nobre 1998); however, habitat loss is likely to be a major threat as it is thought to have been responsible for drastic population declines in the past (Tobias et al. 2019). Hence, we can tentatively infer that the species is in decline, but likely at a slower rate than the forest cover; thus Three-toed Jacamar is suspected to have undergone a reduction of 1-11% over the past three generations.
From 2016-2019, approximately 4% of tree cover with at least 30% canopy cover was lost within the species's range (Global Forest Watch 2020). Extrapolating over 16 years, it is assumed that up to 15% of tree cover within the species's range will be lost within the next three generations. The species is suspected to undergo a reduction of 1-15% over the next three generations.
Country/territory distribution
Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Three-toed Jacamar Jacamaralcyon tridactyla. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/three-toed-jacamar-jacamaralcyon-tridactyla on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.
