• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Bird, J.P., Martin, R., Akçakaya, H.R., Gilroy, J., Burfield, I.J., Garnett, S.G., Symes, A., Taylor, J., ?ekercio?lu, Ç.H. and Butchart, S.H.M. 2020. Generation lengths of the world’s birds and their implications for extinction risk. Conservation Biology 34(5): 1252-1261. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13486.

GBIF.org. 2022. GBIF Occurrence Download (19 August 2022): Pardirallus maculatus. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.wt22w6.

IUCN. 2022. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-2. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 08 December 2022).

Ridgely, R.S.; Greenfield, P.J. 2001. The birds of Ecuador: status, distribution and taxonomy. Cornell University Press and Christopher Helm, Ithaca and London.

Stiles, F.G. and Skutch, A.F. 1989. A Guide to the Birds of Costa Rica. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.

Taylor, B. 2020. Spotted Rail (Pardirallus maculatus), version 1.0. Ithaca, NY, USA. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.sporai.01.

Taylor, B. and van Perlo, B. 1998. Rails: a guide to the rails, crakes, gallinules and coots of the world. Pica Press, Robertsbridge, UK.

van Perlo, B. 2006. A field guide to the birds of Mexico and Central America. Collins, London.

Van Perlo, B. 2009. A field guide to the birds of Brazil. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.

Wetlands International. 2022. Waterbird Populations Portal. Available at: https://wpp.wetlands.org.

Zook, J. L. 2002. Distribution maps of the birds of Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama. Unpublished.

Search for photos and videos, and hear sounds of this species from the Macaulay Library

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Spotted Rail Pardirallus maculatus. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/spotted-rail-pardirallus-maculatus on 18/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 18/12/2024.