• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	A2bc+4bc; C2a(i)	A2bc+4bc; C2a(i)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2023	Endangered	A2bc+4bc; C2a(i)
2021	Least Concern
2016	Vulnerable	A2c+3c+4c;B1ab(v);C2a(i)
2012	Vulnerable	A2c+3c+4c;B1ab(v);C2a(i)
2008	Vulnerable	A2c; A3c; A4c; C2a(i)
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1996	Endangered
1994	Endangered
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	altitudinal migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	23,300 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	4,600 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1200-1600 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2023
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	2015-2026
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	40-69%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	40-69%	-	-	-
Generation length	3.98 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	10-100	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	1-89%	-	-	-

Population justification: The species is described as uncommon and local (Collar and Boesman 2020), and population estimations are complicated by a low detectability in difficult terrain, dense forests and fog (L. M. Vallejos Bardales in litt. 2023). In 1995, field surveys found it to occur at a density of 25.3-88 individuals/km² (Jacobs and Walker 1999). A recent re-survey however only detected densities of 3-4 individuals/km² in an isolated, disturbed forest patch, even though it has been noted that densities may be higher in undisturbed continuous habitat (M. Sánchez-Nivicela in litt. 2023).
Within the species' extant range, a total of 2,380 km² are covered by forested habitat (Global Forest Watch 2023). To account for its localised distribution and extreme rarity particularly in the Peruvian part of the range, it is here precautionarily assumed that only 25% of forested habitat are occupied, i.e. c.600 km². Extrapolating from the minimum population density of 3-4 individuals/km² detected, the global population may number 1,800-2,400 individuals. This roughly equates to 1,200-1,600 mature individuals.

Trend justification: The species is thought to decline on the basis of continued habitat destruction and fragmentation. It appears to have disappeared from several previously occupied sites (M. Sánchez-Nivicela in litt. 2023).
Surveys carried out in 1995 at Selva Alegre (Ecuador) found a population of 169 individuals at this site (Jacobs and Walker 1999). A re-survey in 2021 detected only 20 individuals (M. Sánchez-Nivicela in litt. 2023). This equates to a reduction of 62.5% over three generations (11.9 years), assuming an exponential decline. Despite a lack of data from other occupied areas it is highly plausible that this rate of decline is representative for the Ecuadorian part of the range, given comparable patterns of habitat conversion and degradation across the range (M. Sánchez-Nivicela in litt. 2023). There are no trend data from Peru; however habitat there is considered overall secure (SERFOR 2018) and thus population declines may be considerably slower. Nevertheless, given that Peru holds only a small fraction of the global range, the impact on the overall population trend may be minor. Therefore, accounting for uncertainty in the trend value, population declines are here placed in the band 40-69% over three generations.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Ecuador	extant	native	yes
Peru	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Ecuador	Acanamá-Guashapamba-Aguirre
Ecuador	Bosque Protector Colambo-Yacuri
Ecuador	Bosque Protector Dudas-Mazar
Ecuador	Cajas-Mazán
Ecuador	Montañas de Zapote-Najda
Ecuador	Parque Nacional Podocarpus
Ecuador	Parque Nacional Sangay
Ecuador	Selva Alegre
Peru	Cerro Chinguela
Peru	La Cocha

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest	marginal	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	2500 - 3500 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Energy production & mining	Mining & quarrying	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 3
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Red-faced Parrot Hapalopsittaca pyrrhops. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/red-faced-parrot-hapalopsittaca-pyrrhops on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.