• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	C2a(ii)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2021	Vulnerable	C2a(ii)
2016	Endangered	B1ab(ii,iii,v)
2012	Endangered	B1ab(ii,iii,v)
2008	Endangered	B1a+b(ii,iii,v)
2006	Endangered
2004	Endangered
2000	Endangered
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	2,100 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	1,928 km2
Number of locations	11-100	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	9530-19059 mature individuals	medium	estimated	2013
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	2016-2029
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	5-10%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	7-15%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	7-15%	-	-	-
Generation length	6.3 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: A MaxEnt species distribution model based on 51 sightings at 11 locations was used to predict that 9,530 territories were likely present on Obi, based on a measured mean territory size of 10.67 hectares (Cottee-Jones et al. 2013). Cottee-Jones et al. (2013) estimated a population size based on a mean of one and two mature individuals per territory (accounting for unoccupied territories) of 9,530 - 19,059 mature individuals. The relationship between number of displaying individuals and population size is currently unknown, so verification of this estimate is desirable. Equally it is very likely that the species is not evenly distributed across this landscape: hence the lower bound is considered the more plausible estimate, especially as the actual number of sites from which the species has been recorded remains very small.

Trend justification: The species has been observed performing aerial display flights in degraded forest, but almost all records are from intact forest areas, and proximity to rivers appears to be a key requirement (Cottee-Jones et al. 2013). Forest cover was a key parameter in the species distribution model, hence the loss of forest cover is considered directly related to the number of territories and mature individuals present. Forest cover loss has been equivalent to 4.7-4.9% over the past three generations (data from Global Forest Watch 2021), but this rate has been increasing. The most recent 5-year annual mean rate of forest cover loss has been 0.5%, compared to a 5-year annual mean of 0.3% between 2001-2005 (data from Global Forest Watch 2021). This increase in rate has also been observed to be directly impacting the species. J. Eaton (in litt. 2020) reported that one site with several displaying birds in early 2016 was bulldozed, with only a single bird located in early 2017. Clearance is being undertaken primarily for conversion of land for agricultural purposes, but there is also significant habitat that has already been lost to mining and extensive degradation through logging.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Indonesia	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Indonesia	Gunung Batu Putih

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest	marginal	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Swamp	major	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls)	suitable	resident
Altitude	15 - 1150 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		No/Negligible Impact: 2
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Energy production & mining	Mining & quarrying	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Pollution	Industrial & military effluents - Seepage from mining	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Residential & commercial development	Commercial & industrial areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Moluccan Woodcock Scolopax rochussenii. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/moluccan-woodcock-scolopax-rochussenii on 25/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 25/11/2024.