Taxonomic note
Geospiza psittacula (del Hoyo and Collar 2016) was previously placed in the genus Camarhynchus following SACC (2005 & updates); Sibley & Monroe (1990, 1993); Stotz et al. (1996).
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
- | - | A2bce+3bce+4bce |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2021 | Vulnerable | A2bce+3bce+4bce |
2016 | Vulnerable | A2be+3be+4be |
2015 | Vulnerable | A2be+3be+4be |
2012 | Least Concern | |
2009 | Least Concern | |
2008 | Least Concern | |
2004 | Least Concern | |
2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | high |
Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 26,500 km2 | medium |
Severely fragmented? | no | - |
Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Population size | 20000-49999 mature individuals | medium | suspected | 2020 |
Population trend | decreasing | - | inferred | 2016-2026 |
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 30-49% | - | - | - |
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 30-49% | - | - | - |
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 30-49% | - | - | - |
Generation length | 3.1 years | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but this species is described as 'uncommon' in at least parts of its range (Stotz et al. 1996). On the island of Santa Cruz its population has been estimated at 9,000 singing males (Dvorak et al. 2012). However no data exists for the islands of Isabela and Santiago. Tentatively, the population is here placed in the band 20,000-49,999 mature individuals.
Trend justification: The population is assumed to be decreasing rapidly. On the island of Santa Cruz, the species reportedly declined significantly in the dry zone between 1997 and 2010, but not in the Scalesia zone (Dvorak et al. 2012). Habitat alteration, introduced pathogens and parasites and changes in insect availability may have contributed to declines. On the islands of Isabela and Santiago, where native forest has also been degraded by introduced herbivores, population declines are also suspected (Dvorak et al. 2012). In the agricultural zone on Santa Cruz, the relative abundance of this species declined from 0.8 in 1997 to 0.7 in 2010 and 0.38 in 2019 (Geladi et al. 2021). The overall rate of decline is therefore here tentatively placed in the band 30-49% over ten years (see also Freile et al. 2019). In view of ongoing threats, declines are suspected to continue at the same rate into the future.
Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ecuador | extant | native | yes |
Country/Territory | IBA Name |
---|---|
Ecuador | Isla Floreana |
Ecuador | Isla San Cristóbal |
Ecuador | Puerto Ayora |
Ecuador | Tierras altas de Isabela |
Ecuador | Tierras altas de Santa Cruz |
Ecuador | Tierras altas de Santiago |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | resident |
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane | major | resident |
Altitude | 300 - 700 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Climate change & severe weather | Droughts | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
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Climate change & severe weather | Habitat shifting & alteration | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
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Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Canis familiaris | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Causing/Could cause fluctuations | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Causing/Could cause fluctuations | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
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Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Named species | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Causing/Could cause fluctuations | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Philornis downsi | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Viral/prion-induced diseases - Avipoxvirus | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
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Pollution | Agricultural & forestry effluents - Herbicides and pesticides | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
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Residential & commercial development | Housing & urban areas | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
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Transportation & service corridors | Roads & railroads | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Causing/Could cause fluctuations | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Large Tree-finch Geospiza psittacula. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/large-tree-finch-geospiza-psittacula on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.