Data Zone
Ash, J.; Atkins, J. 2009. Birds of Ethiopia and Eritrea: an atlas of distribution. Christopher Helm, London.
Bird, J.P., Martin, R., Akçakaya, H.R., Gilroy, J., Burfield, I.J., Garnett, S.G., Symes, A., Taylor, J., Şekercioğlu, Ç.H. and Butchart, S.H.M. 2020. Generation lengths of the world’s birds and their implications for extinction risk. Conservation Biology 34(5): 1252-1261. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13486.
BirdLife International (in prep) European Red List of Birds. Deliverable to the European Commission (DG Environment) in 2021 under Service Contract ENV.D.3/SER/2018/0018.
BirdLife International. 2015. European Red List of Birds. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg.
Brochet, A.-L.; Van den Bossche, W.; Jones, V. R.; Arnardottir, H.; Damoc, D.; Demko, M.; Driessens, G.; Flensted, K.; Gerber, M.; Ghasabyan, M.; Gradinarov, D.; Hansen, J.; Horvath, M.; Karlonas, M.; Krogulec, J.; Kuzmenko, T.; Lachman, L.; Lehtiniemi, T.; Lorgé, P.; Lotberg, U.; Lusby, J.; Ottens, G.; Paquet, J.-Y.; Rukhaia, A.; Schmidt, M.; Shimmings, P.; Stipnieks, A.; Sultanov, E.; Vermouzek, Z.; Vintchevski, A.; Volke, V.; Willi, G.; Butchart, S. H. M. 2019. Illegal killing and taking of birds in Europe outside the Mediterranean: assessing the scope and scale of a complex issue. Bird Conservation International 29: 10-40.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. 1983. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic vol. III: waders to gulls. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. and Sargatal, J. (eds). 1996. Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 3: Hoatzin to Auks. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, Spain.
Dowsett-Lemaire, F.; Dowsett, R. J. 2006. The birds of Malawi: an atlas and handbook. Touraco Press/Aves, Liege, Belgium.
Edward Mongin & Elena Davidyonok. 2019. Population Trends and Current Threats for the Breeding Population of the Great Snipe (Gallinago media) In Belarus. Actual Issues of Wader Studies in Northern Eurasia: XI International Scientific and Practical Conference. Minsk.
Ekblom, R., Saether, S. A., Jacobsson, P., Fiske, P., Sahlman, T., Grahn, M., Kålås, J. A., & Höglund, J.. (2007). Spatial pattern of MHC class II variation in the great snipe (Gallinago media). Molecular Ecology, 16(7), 1439–1451. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2007.03281.x
IUCN. 2021. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-3. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 09 December 2021).
Johnsgard, P.A. 1981. The plovers, sandpipers and snipes of the world. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, U.S.A. and London.
Kålås, J. A. 2004. International single species Action Plan for the conservation of the Great snipe Gallinago media. BirdLife International, Wageningen.
Kålås, J. A.; Fiske, P.; Höglund, J. 1997. Food supply and breeding occurrences: the West European population of the lekking Great Snipe Gallinago media (Latham, 1787) (Aves). Journal of Biogeography 24: 213-222.
Kalas, J.A., Kuresoo, A., Luigujoe, L. & Svartaas, S. 1997b. Morphometrical comparison between Estonian and Norwegian Great Snipes (Gallinago media).Proc. Est. Acad.Sci. Biol. Ecol.46: 115–122.
Klaassen, R. H. G.; Alerstam, T.; Carlsson, P.; Fox, J. W.; Lindström, Å. 2011. Great flights by Great Snipes: long and fast non-stop migration over benign habitats. Biol. Lett. 7: 833-835.
Korniluk M., Tumiel T., Świętochowski P., Wereszczuk M., Białomyzy P., Grygoruk G., Iliszko L., Piec D. 2015. Migration pattern and behavior of the great snipe Gallinago media lowland population. International Wader Study Group Conference, Ásbrú, Islandia.
Korniluk, M., Białomyzy, P., Grygoruk, G., Kozub, Ł., Sielezniew, M., Świętochowski, P., Tumiel, T., Wereszczuk, M., & Chylarecki, P.. (2021). Habitat selection of foraging male Great Snipes on floodplain meadows: importance of proximity to the lek, vegetation cover and bare ground. Ibis, 163(2), 486–506. https://doi.org/10.1111/ibi.12898
Lappo, E. G.; Tomkovich, P. S.; Syroechkovskiy, E. 2012. Atlas of Breeding Waders in the Russian Arctic. Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.
Lindström, Å.; Alerstam, T.; Bahlenberg, P.; Ekblom, R.; Fox, J. W.; Råghall, J.; Klaassen, R. H. G. 2016. The migration of the Great Snipe Gallinago media : intriguing variations on a grand theme. J. Av. Biol. 47: 321-334.
Løfaldli, L., Kalas, J.A. & Fiske, P.1992. Habitat selection and diet of Great Snipe Gallinago media during breeding.Ibis.134:35–43.
Mischenko, A., Sukhanova, O. and Zöckler, C. 2014. Rewetting the Vinogradovo Floodplain, Moscow Region, Russia: a project in support of wader populations. Wader Study Group Bulletin 121(2): 77-80.
Mongin, E. 2008. Great Snipe population, habitat management and conservation aspects in Belarus: a review. In: Economic, social and cultural aspects in biodiversity conservation (eds. Opermanis, O., Whitelaw, G.). The University of Latvia Press.: 31–38.
Pinchuk, P.; Mongin, E. 2012. Action Plan for the Great Snipe Conservation. Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of Belarus, Minsk. 36 p.
Sviridova, T.V., Soloviev, M.Y., Bazhanova, A.A. et al. Influence of the Vegetation Structure on the Numbers of Great Snipes (Gallinago media) (Scolopacidae, Aves) at Leks. Biol Bull Russ Acad Sci 45, 1308–1315 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359018100266
Wetlands International (2021). "Waterbird Population Estimates" . Retrieved from wpe.wetlands.org on Tuesday 27 Jul 2021
IUCN SSC Woodcock and Snipe Specialist Group
African-Eurasian Waterbird Agreement (AEWA) International Action Plan 2004
Detailed species account from European Red List of Birds (BirdLife International 2015)
Search for photos and videos, and hear sounds of this species from the Macaulay Library
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Great Snipe Gallinago media. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/great-snipe-gallinago-media on 26/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 26/12/2024.