VU
Chestnut-bellied Guan Penelope ochrogaster



Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history
Red List criteria met
Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable
- - A3cd+4cd

Red List history
Year Category Criteria
2021 Vulnerable A3cd+4cd
2016 Vulnerable B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v);C2a(i);D1
2012 Vulnerable B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v);C2a(i);D1
2008 Vulnerable B1a+b(i,ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(i)
2004 Vulnerable
2000 Endangered
1996 Vulnerable
1994 Vulnerable
1988 Threatened
Species attributes

Migratory status not a migrant Forest dependency medium
Land-mass type continent
Average mass -
Range

Estimate Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) 1,310,000 km2 medium
Severely fragmented? no -
Population
Estimate Data quality Derivation Year of estimate
Population size 1000-15000 mature individuals poor suspected 2021
Population trend decreasing poor inferred 2016-2039
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) 15-25% - - -
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) 20-38% - - -
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) 18-36% - - -
Generation length 7.68 years - - -
Number of subpopulations 3 - - -
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation 1-89% - - -

Population justification: The species has been considered rare and in general there are few visual records, with records made most frequently in the Pantanal and in the Cantão State Park, Tocantins (Dornas and Pinheiro 2018). In Cantão State Park, an average abundance of 0.12 - 0.38 individuals per kilometre of river was estimated (Dornas and Pinheiro 2007). In the Paranã river valley on the border of Goiás and Tocantins, a relative abundance of c.40 individuals per 100 hours of sampling was calculated (Pacheco and Olmos 2006).

The population size has not been estimated directly. Based on a population density of 0.12 - 0.38 individuals per km2, an estimated area of forest habitat with at least 50% canopy cover of 143,600 km2 in 2020 (Global Forest Watch 2021), and assuming 10-40% of habitat within its mapped range is occupied, the population size is tentatively suspected to be within the range 1,723-21,827 individuals. This is assumed to roughly equate to 1,149-14,551 mature individuals, here rounded to 1,000 - 15,000 mature individuals.

The Brazilian Red List considers that the species has three subpopulations (Dornas and Pinheiro 2018).

Trend justification: Over 19 years from 2000-2019, approximately 17% of tree cover with at least 50% canopy cover was lost within the species's range (Global Forest Watch 2021). Extrapolating this rate over three generations (23.04 years), an estimated 20% of tree cover was lost from the species's range over the past three generations. The species's population size may not be proportionate to tree cover, especially as it is found frequently in gallery or seasonally flooded forests, which may be less affected by deforestation than dry forests. However, the species's population size may be additionally impacted by hunting. Overall, the population size is suspected to have undergone a reduction within the range of 15-25% over the past three generations.

Over four years from 2016-2019, approximately 5.4% of tree cover with at least 50% canopy cover was lost within the species's range (Global Forest Watch 2021). Assuming that the drivers of deforestation are stable, and extrapolating this rate over three generations (23.04 years), it is projected that up to 31% of tree cover may be lost from the species's range over three generations from 2016, and up to 33% may be lost over three generations from 2021. The population size is therefore suspected to undergo reductions of 18-36% over three generations from 2016, and 20-38% over three generations from 2021.


Country/territory distribution
Country/Territory Presence Origin Resident Breeding visitor Non-breeding visitor Passage migrant
Brazil extant native yes

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)
Country/Territory IBA Name
Brazil Interflúvio dos Rios das Mortes e Araguaia
Brazil Interflúvio dos Rios Tocantins e Paranã
Brazil Matas Ciliares do Rio do Coco e Afluentes
Brazil Parque Estadual do Cantão
Brazil Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural SESC Pantanal e Entorno

Habitats & altitude
Habitat (level 1) Habitat (level 2) Importance Occurrence
Forest Subtropical/Tropical Dry suitable resident
Forest Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland major resident
Forest Subtropical/Tropical Swamp major resident
Savanna Dry suitable resident
Altitude   Occasional altitudinal limits  

Threats & impact
Threat (level 1) Threat (level 2) Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Rapid Declines Medium Impact: 7
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Rapid Declines Medium Impact: 7
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture Wood & pulp plantations - Agro-industry plantations Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Species mortality
Biological resource use Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather Habitat shifting & alteration Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem conversion
Energy production & mining Renewable energy Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Rapid Declines Medium Impact: 6
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Utilisation
Purpose Scale
Food - human subsistence, national

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Chestnut-bellied Guan Penelope ochrogaster. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/chestnut-bellied-guan-penelope-ochrogaster on 03/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 03/12/2024.