• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note
Zanda latirostris (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) was previously placed in the genus Calyptorhynchus.

Taxonomic source(s)
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	A2bcde+3cde+4bcde	A2bcde+3cde+4bcde

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2022	Endangered	A2bcde+3cde+4bcde
2016	Endangered	A2bcde
2013	Endangered	A2bcde+3bcde+4bcde
2012	Endangered	A2bcde+3bcde+4bcde
2008	Endangered	A2b,c,d,e; A3b,c,d,e; A4b,c,d,e
2006	Endangered
2004	Endangered
2000	Endangered
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	nomadic	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type	Australia	Average mass	612 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	366,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	20000-52000, 34000 mature individuals	medium	suspected	2020
Population trend	decreasing	good	inferred	1990-2023
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	50-79%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	50-79%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	50-79%	-	-	-
Generation length	10.85 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: The total population of Carnaby's Black-Cockatoo was estimated at 40,000 individuals in 2013 based on the expert opinion of the members of the Carnaby’s Cockatoo Recovery Team members, but possibly <10,000–60,000 (Mawson and Johnstone 1997, Department of Parks and Wildlife 2013). Overall the population is estimated to be in the range 20,000 to 52,000 with a best estimate of 34,000, which is also based on annual citizen science survey data (Peck et al. 2019).

Trend justification:

Historically, there has been a major loss of feeding and breeding habitat (Saunders 1990, Saunders & Ingram 1995), mostly from the 1960s to the early 1980s, but lag effects will have meant losses continued since the beginning of the current three generation window. Modelling of the Perth population (Williams et al. 2017), which may be relevant to the whole population, suggests that further rapid declines are likely on current trajectories. There is, however, some disagreement about current trends, partly because of statistical issues arising from increasing knowledge of roost sites, individual birds moving between roosts and increasing observer effort (Craig 2017, Peck et al. 2017, Potts 2018, Caley et al. 2018, Williams et al. 2018, Peck et al. 2019). Overall it is thought that the population has likely declined by >50%–79% over the last three generations and ongoing deterioration in habitat condition suggest declines should also be projected for the future although there is some uncertainty about current trends. Nonetheless, the species is thought very likely to have halved (or more) since the start of the last three generation period and is very likely to halve again within the next three generations.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Australia	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Australia	Araluen-Wungong
Australia	Bindoon-Julimar
Australia	Calingiri
Australia	Cataby
Australia	Coomallo
Australia	Dragon Rocks
Australia	Dunn Rock and Lake King
Australia	East Borden
Australia	Fitzgerald River
Australia	Gidgegannup
Australia	Gillingarra
Australia	Jalbarragup
Australia	Koobabbie
Australia	Kwobrup-Badgebup
Australia	Lake Magenta
Australia	Moora
Australia	Mundaring-Kalamunda
Australia	North Dandalup
Australia	Northern Swan Coastal Plain
Australia	Stirling Range
Australia	The Lakes (Western Australia)
Australia	Two Peoples Bay and Mount Manypeaks
Australia	Walebing

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Temperate	major	resident
Shrubland	Temperate	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 440 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Persecution/control	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species mortality
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Apis mellifera	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 3
		Stresses Competition
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Oryctolagus cuniculus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Ovis aries	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Phytophthora cinnamomi	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Eolophus roseicapilla	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Competition, Reduced reproductive success
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species disturbance, Ecosystem conversion, Species mortality
Transportation & service corridors	Roads & railroads	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species mortality

Purpose	Scale
Other (free text)	national
Pets/display animals, horticulture	international

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Carnaby's Black-cockatoo Zanda latirostris. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/carnabys-black-cockatoo-zanda-latirostris on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.