• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Justification of Red List category
This species has a large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence <20,000 km² combined with a declining or fluctuating range size, habitat extent/quality, or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation). Despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing, the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (>30% decline over three generations). The population size is unknown, but is not suspected to be sufficiently small to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population size criterion (<10,000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be >10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern.

Population justification
The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is described as scarce (Eaton et al. 2021).  However, it was found to be locally fairly common on Mt. Trus Madi, Sabah in 2010 (B. Harris in litt. 2016, D. L. Yong in litt. 2016) and at sites in the Kelabit highlands, Sarawak (D. L. Yong in litt. 2016, eBird 2022). Within its range, c.150,000 km² of forest remains (per Global Forest Wach 2022) at suitable elevations and the population is therefore assumed to be large.

Trend justification
Although there is little doubt that this species' preference for submontane forest buffers it from the worst of Sundaic forest loss, it is nonetheless likely to be impacted, especially at the lower limits of its elevational range. In Indonesia, where the majority of available forest remains, forest loss has so far remained minimal. However, in Malaysia Borneo (mostly Sarawak), the last two decades has seen a large number of logging tracks criss-cross the Central Highlands. Overall, in the three generations (13.7 years; Bird et al. 2020) to 2021, forest cover in this species' range was reduced by 6-8%, depending on the forest cover assumptions used (Global Forest Watch 2022, based on data from Hansen et al. [2013] and methods disclosed therein). This is thought to be broadly representative of population declines, which may in fact be steeper than remote sensing data alone suggest once degradation is taken into account. The population decline is therefore suspected to have been equivalent to 5-15% in the past three generations and, based on slightly accelerated (equivalent to 8-10% losses) deforestation between 2016 and 2021, to be 10-19% in the next three generations.

Batrachostomus mixtus is endemic to Borneo. It is known from montane areas of Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia, including in the far west of East Malaysia (eBird 2022). It is also known from Kalimantan, Indonesia, including the outlying Meratus Mountains (eBird 2022). Although it has not formally been recorded  in Brunei Darussalam, it is assumed to occur there.

Occurs in primary and secondary forest, mostly to 900-2,400 m, but occasionally down to 300 m (Eaton et al. 2021, eBird 2022).

Forest loss in the Sundaic region has been rapid and widespread, and is likely to have affected the lower altitudinal range of this species (per Global Forest Watch 2022). However, its presence in sloping montane forest suggests that it is not imminently threatened, although logging activities in these habitats are increasing.

Conservation Actions Underway
No targeted conservation actions are known for this species, although it occurs in a number of protected areas (UNEP-WCMC and IUCN 2023).
Conservation Actions Proposed
Conduct repeated surveys across the species' range to determine the magnitude of declines and rates of range contraction. Conduct ecological studies to improve understanding of its precise habitat requirements, tolerance of secondary habitats and response to fragmentation. Protect areas of suitable habitat and safeguard against logging and other threats.

Text account compilers
Berryman, A.

Contributors
Harris, B., Yong, D., Martin, R., Bird, J., Taylor, J., Wheatley, H. & Benstead, P.

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Bornean Frogmouth Batrachostomus mixtus. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/bornean-frogmouth-batrachostomus-mixtus on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.