Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
- | - | - |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2023 | Least Concern | |
2016 | Near Threatened | A2c+3c+4c |
2013 | Near Threatened | A2c+3c+4c |
2012 | Near Threatened | A2c+3c+4c |
2008 | Near Threatened | A2c; A3c; A4c |
2004 | Near Threatened | |
2000 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
1996 | Data Deficient | |
1994 | Data Deficient | |
1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | high |
Land-mass type |
shelf island |
Average mass | - |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 549,000 km2 | medium |
Severely fragmented? | no | - |
Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Population size | unknown | - | - | - |
Population trend | decreasing | poor | suspected | 2016-2030 |
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 5-15% | - | - | - |
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 10-19% | - | - | - |
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 10-19% | - | - | - |
Generation length | 4.56 years | - | - | - |
Number of subpopulations | 5-50 | - | - | - |
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation | 1-89% | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is described as scarce (Eaton et al. 2021). However, it was found to be locally fairly common on Mt. Trus Madi, Sabah in 2010 (B. Harris in litt. 2016, D. L. Yong in litt. 2016) and at sites in the Kelabit highlands, Sarawak (D. L. Yong in litt. 2016, eBird 2022). Within its range, c.150,000 km2 of forest remains (per Global Forest Wach 2022) at suitable elevations and the population is therefore assumed to be large.
Trend justification: Although there is little doubt that this species' preference for submontane forest buffers it from the worst of Sundaic forest loss, it is nonetheless likely to be impacted, especially at the lower limits of its elevational range. In Indonesia, where the majority of available forest remains, forest loss has so far remained minimal. However, in Malaysia Borneo (mostly Sarawak), the last two decades has seen a large number of logging tracks criss-cross the Central Highlands. Overall, in the three generations (13.7 years; Bird et al. 2020) to 2021, forest cover in this species' range was reduced by 6-8%, depending on the forest cover assumptions used (Global Forest Watch 2022, based on data from Hansen et al. [2013] and methods disclosed therein). This is thought to be broadly representative of population declines, which may in fact be steeper than remote sensing data alone suggest once degradation is taken into account. The population decline is therefore suspected to have been equivalent to 5-15% in the past three generations and, based on slightly accelerated (equivalent to 8-10% losses) deforestation between 2016 and 2021, to be 10-19% in the next three generations.
Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brunei | extant | native | yes | |||
Indonesia | extant | native | yes | |||
Malaysia | extant | native | yes |
Country/Territory | IBA Name |
---|---|
Malaysia | Dulit Range |
Malaysia | Hose-Laga mountains |
Malaysia | Kelabit Highlands |
Malaysia | Mount Kinabalu |
Malaysia | Mulu - Buda Protected Area |
Malaysia | Trus Madi Range |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | major | resident |
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane | major | resident |
Altitude | 900 - 2400 m | Occasional altitudinal limits | (min) 300 m |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Agriculture & aquaculture | Wood & pulp plantations - Small-holder plantations | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Bornean Frogmouth Batrachostomus mixtus. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/bornean-frogmouth-batrachostomus-mixtus on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.