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The site was identified as important in 2007 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
White-headed Duck Oxyura leucocephala	EN	passage	2005-2007	1-4 individuals	A1
Lesser White-fronted Goose Anser erythropus	VU	passage	2005-2006	3-17 individuals	A1
Siberian Crane Leucogeranus leucogeranus	CR	passage	2002	2 individuals	A1
Demoiselle Crane Anthropoides virgo	LC	breeding	2007	< 50 breeding pairs	A3
Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax	NT	breeding	2001-2006	30 individuals	A1, A3
Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus	NT	passage	1982-2006	3-30 individuals	A1
Sociable Lapwing Vanellus gregarius	CR	breeding	2000-2006	2-7 breeding pairs	A1, A3
Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus	LC	passage	2001	11,000 individuals	A4i
Black-winged Pratincole Glareola nordmanni	NT	breeding	2004	20 breeding pairs	A1, A3
Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus	NT	breeding	2007	< 50 individuals	A1, A3
Black Lark Melanocorypha yeltoniensis	LC	breeding	2007	50-249 breeding pairs	A3
White-winged Lark Alauda leucoptera	LC	breeding	2007	50-249 breeding pairs	A3
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	n/a	passage	2005-2006	20,000-49,999 individuals	A4iii

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (2007) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2007. The most recent assessment (2015) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' populations)
Species	Reference	Actual	Units	% remaining	Result
Mute Swan Cygnus olor	224	14	individuals	7	very unfavourable
Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus	348	243	individuals	70	near favourable
Tundra Swan Cygnus columbianus	22	22	individuals	100	favourable
Smew Mergellus albellus	30	8	individuals	27	very unfavourable
Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea	17,000	45	individuals	1	very unfavourable
Common Pochard Aythya ferina	17,000	144	individuals	1	very unfavourable
Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula	19,000	80	individuals	1	very unfavourable
Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata	250	518	individuals	100	favourable
Gadwall Mareca strepera	27	27	individuals	100	favourable
Eurasian Wigeon Mareca penelope	8	8	individuals	100	favourable
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos	10,500	351	individuals	4	very unfavourable
Eurasian Coot Fulica atra	100	700	individuals	100	favourable
Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo	8	8	individuals	100	favourable
Mew Gull Larus canus	604	604	individuals	100	favourable
Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus	3	3	males	100	favourable
Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus	5	5	individuals	100	favourable
White-tailed Sea-eagle Haliaeetus albicilla	1	1	individuals	100	favourable
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	1,574	9,778	individuals	100	favourable

State (condition of the trigger species' habitats)
Habitat	Quantity (% remaining)	Quality (% carrying capacity)	Result
Artificial/Terrestrial	very poor (< 40%)	poor (40-69%)	very unfavourable
Shrubland	good (> 90%)	moderate (70-90%)	near favourable
Grassland	good (> 90%)	moderate (70-90%)	near favourable
Wetlands (inland)	good (> 90%)	good (> 90%)	favourable

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Energy production and mining	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Biological resource use	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happening now	small area/few individuals (<10%)	no or imperceptible deterioration	low

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Not assessed	Not assessed	Not assessed	not assessed

Year	Protected Area	Designation	% overlap with IBA
1974	Tounsorskiy	Zakaznik	100

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Grassland	Mesophile grassland & tall grass steppe, Steppes & dry calcareous	70
Wetlands (inland)	Rivers & streams, Standing brackish & salt water, Standing fresh water, Water-fringe vegetation	30
Artificial/Terrestrial	Other urban & industrial areas, Ruderal land	minor (<10)
Shrubland	Low bushes	minor (<10)

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

Land use	% of IBA
nature conservation and research	100
rangeland/pastureland	30
fisheries/aquaculture	10

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Tounsor Hollow Lakes (Kazakhstan). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/tounsor-hollow-lakes-iba-kazakhstan on 23/11/2024.