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The site was identified as important in 2011 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Eurasian Wigeon Mareca penelope	LC	winter	2008	max 5,256 individuals	B1i, B3, C3
Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia	LC	passage	2008	7-400 individuals	A4i, B1i, C2
Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata	NT	winter	2008	155-924 individuals	A1, C1
Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa	NT	winter	2008	max 682 individuals	A1, B1i, C1, C3

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (2011) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2011. The most recent assessment (2007) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' populations)
Species	Reference	Actual	Units	% remaining	Result
Eurasian Wigeon Mareca penelope	5,828	5,333	individuals	92	favourable
Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia	52	57	individuals	100	favourable
Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata	426	416	individuals	98	favourable

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Invasive and other problematic species and genes	happening now	whole area/population (>90%)	very rapid to severe deterioration	very high
Pollution	happening now	whole area/population (>90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	very high
Residential and commercial development	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Transportation and service corridors	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Agricultural expansion and intensification	past (and unlikely to return) and no longer limiting	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	low
Biological resource use	happening now	small area/few individuals (<10%)	slow but significant deterioration	low
Human intrusions and disturbance	likely in short term (within 4 years)	some of area/population (10-49%)	no or imperceptible deterioration	low

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Whole area of site (>90%) covered by appropriate conservation designation	A management plan exists but it is out of date or not comprehensive	Substantive conservation measures are being implemented but these are not comprehensive and are limited by resources and capacity	medium

Year	Protected Area	Designation	% overlap with IBA
1992	Marismas de Santoña y Noja	Natural Reserve	54
1993	Marismas de Santoña; Victoria y Joyel y Ría de Ajo	Special Protection Area (Birds Directive)	93
1994	Marismas de Santoña	Ramsar Site, Wetland of International Importance	97
1997	Marismas de Santoña; Victoria y Joyel	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	52
1997	Costa central y Ría de Ajo	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	2
2006	ZEPA-MARISMAS DE SANTOÑA, VICTORIA Y JOYEL	Zona de la Red Ecológica Europea Natura 2000	89
2006	Marismas de Santoña, Victoria y Joyel	Parque Natural	88
2006	LIC-MARISMAS DE SANTOÑA , VICTORIA Y JOYEL	Zona de la Red Ecológica Europea Natura 2000	51
2006	LIC-COSTA CENTRAL Y RIA DE AJO	Zona de la Red Ecológica Europea Natura 2000	2

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Artificial/Terrestrial	Highly improved re-seeded landscapes, Other urban and industrial areas	50
Marine Coastal/Supratidal		-
Marine Intertidal		-
Marine Neritic		-

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

Land use	% of IBA
agriculture	60
forestry	40
fisheries/aquaculture	10
urban/industrial/transport	-

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Santoña marshes (Spain). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/santoña-marshes-iba-spain on 22/11/2024.