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The site was identified as important in 2021 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Red Knot Calidris canutus	NT	non-breeding	2011	7,000 individuals	B1a, B3a
Red Knot Calidris canutus	NT	non-breeding	2018-2020	620 individuals	B1a, B3a
Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla	NT	non-breeding	2011	35,000 individuals	A4, B1a, B3a
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	n/a	non-breeding	2011-2018	42,620 individuals	B3b

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (2021) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2021. The most recent assessment (2008) is shown below.

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Biological resource use	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Not assessed	Not assessed	Not assessed	not assessed

Year	Protected Area	Designation	% overlap with IBA
1980	Parque Estadual Do Bacanga	Parque	<1
1983	Rio Pindaré	Terra Indígena	<1
1991	Área De Proteção Ambiental Da Baixada Maranhense	Área de Proteção Ambiental	81
1991	Área De Proteção Ambiental Das Reentrâncias Maranhenses	Área de Proteção Ambiental	4
1991	Baixada Maranhense Subárea Baixo Mearim	State Environmental Protection Area	87
1992	Reserva Extrativista Quilombo Do Frechal	Reserva Extrativista	<1
1992	Upaon-Açu/Miritiba/Alto Preguiças	State Environmental Protection Area	6
1992	Frexal	Extractive Reserve	<1
2000	Baixada Maranhense Environmental Protection Area	Ramsar Site, Wetland of International Importance	87
2018	Amazon Estuary and its Mangroves	Ramsar Site, Wetland of International Importance	4

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Artificial/Terrestrial		major (>10)
Marine Coastal/Supratidal		major (>10)
Marine Intertidal		major (>10)
Wetlands (inland)	Freshwater lakes and pools, Freshwater marshes/swamps, Intertidal mud, sand or salt flats, Riverine floodplains, Salt/brackish marshes	major (>10)
Forest	Gallery (or Riparian) forest	minor (<10)

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Baixada Maranhense (Brazil). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/baixada-maranhense-iba-brazil on 23/11/2024.