• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	A2ac+3c+4ac; C2a(i)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2020	Vulnerable	A2ac+3c+4ac; C2a(i)
2016	Vulnerable	A2c+3c+4c; B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(i)
2012	Vulnerable	A2c+3c+4c; B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(i)
2008	Vulnerable	A2c; A3c; A4c; B1a+b(i,ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(i)
2005	Vulnerable
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	33,700 km2	medium
Number of locations	11-100	-
Severely fragmented?	yes	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1500-7000 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2000
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	1998-2008
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Generation length	2.88 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	2-100	-	-	-

Population justification: The population is estimated to number 2,500-9,999 individuals based on an assessment of known records, descriptions of abundance and range size. This is consistent with recorded population density estimates for congeners or close relatives with a similar body size, and the fact that only a proportion of the estimated Extent of Occurrence is likely to be occupied. This estimate is equivalent to 1,667-6,666 mature individuals, rounded here to 1,500-7,000 mature individuals.

Trend justification: Population trend data based on constant-effort mist netting show mixed results. Annual declines of 2.1-20.5% have been documented from sites in Sierra de Bahoruco National Park during the period 1997-2010 (Lloyd et al. 2016), which equates to a loss of 19-90% across a ten year period, assuming exponential decline. However, the authors have low confidence in these findings because trends were driven by exceptionally high capture rates in 1997 and varied between sites. If further evidence confirms a reduction of 50% or more across three generations, the species may be uplisted to a higher threat category.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Dominican Republic	extant	native	yes
Haiti	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Dominican Republic	Armando Bermudez National Park
Dominican Republic	Ebano Verde Scientific Reserve
Dominican Republic	Nalga de Maco-Río Limpio
Dominican Republic	Parque Nacional Dr Juan Bautista Pérez Rancier (Valle Nuevo)
Dominican Republic	Sierra de Bahoruco National Park
Dominican Republic	Sierra de Neyba
Dominican Republic	Sierra Martin Garcia National Park
Haiti	Aux Cornichons
Haiti	Bois Musicien

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude	major	resident
Altitude	1200 - 2000 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	(min) 875 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Herpestes javanicus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Unknown		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: White-winged Warbler Xenoligea montana. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/white-winged-warbler-xenoligea-montana on 22/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/12/2024.