• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Balotari-Chiebao, F., Brommer, J.E., Tikkanen, H. and Laaksonen, T. 2021. Habitat use by post-fledging white-tailed eagles shows avoidance of human infrastructure and agricultural areas. European Journal of Wildlife Research 67: 39.

Bird, J.P., Martin, R., Akçakaya, H.R., Gilroy, J., Burfield, I.J., Garnett, S.G., Symes, A., Taylor, J., Şekercioğlu, Ç.H. and Butchart, S.H.M. 2020. Generation lengths of the world’s birds and their implications for extinction risk. Conservation Biology 34(5): 1252-1261. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13486.

BirdLife International. 2004. Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.

BirdLife International. In prep.. European Red List of Birds. Deliverable to the European Commission (DG Environment) in 2021 under Service Contract ENV.D.3/SER/2018/0018.

Cole, S.G. and Dahl, E.L. 2013. Compensating white-tailed eagle mortality at the Smøla wind-power plant using electrocution prevention measures. . Wildlife Society Bulletin 37: 84-93.

Derlink, M., Wernham, C., Bertoncelj, I., Kovács, A., Saurola, P., Duke, G., Movalli, P. and Vrezec, A. 2018. A review of raptor and owl monitoring activity across Europe: its implications for capacity building towards pan-European monitoring. Bird Study 65: S4-S20.

Ferguson-Lees, J. and Christie, D.A. 2001. Raptors of the World. Christopher Helm, London.

Helander, B., Krone, O., Räikkönen, J., Sundbom, M., Ågren, E. and Bignert, A. 2021. Major lead exposure from hunting ammunition in eagles from Sweden. Science of The Total Environment 795: 148799.

Heuck, C., Herrmann, C., Levers,C., Leitão, P.J., Krone, O., Brandl, R., Albrecht, J. 2019. Wind turbines in high quality habitat cause disproportionate increases in collision mortality of the white-tailed eagle. Biological Conservation 236: 44-51.

Isomursu, M., Koivusaari, J., Stjernberg, T., Hirvelä-Koski, V. and Venäläinen, E.-R. 2018. Lead poisoning and other human-related factors cause significant mortality in white-tailed eagles. Ambio 47: 858–868.

IUCN. 2021. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-3. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 09 December 2021).

Krone, O. and Scharnweber, C. 2003. Two White-tailed Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilia) collide with wind generators in northern Germany. Journal of Raptor Research 37: 174-176.

Krone, O., Globig, A., Ulrich, R., Harder, T., Schinköthe, J., Herrmann, C., Gerst, S., Conrads, F.J. and Beer, M. 2018. White-Tailed Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) Die-Off Due to Infection with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus, Subtype H5N8, in Germany. Viruses 10(9).

Matsuda, H., Sugimoto, H. and Shimada, Y. 2021. Risk of Avian Collisions in Wind Turbines. In: Matsuda, H. (ed.), Ecological Risk Management, pp. 165-179. Springer, Singapore.

O'Rourke, E. 2014. The reintroduction of the white-tailed sea eagle to Ireland: People and wildlife. Land Use Policy 38: 129-137.

Orta, J., Kirwan, G.M., Christie, D.A. and Boesman, P. 2013. White-tailed Sea-eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. and de Juana, E. (eds), Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive, Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

Probst, R. and Gaborik, A. 2011. Action Plan for the Conservation of the White-tailed Sea-Eagle Along the Danube.

Rajchard, J., Procházka, J. and Šmahel, L. 2010. Nest Sites and Reproductive Success of a Restored Population of White-tailed Eagles in the Czech Republic. Journal of Raptor Research 44(3): 243-246.

Sansom, A., Evans, R., Roos, S. 2016. Population and future range modelling of reintroduced Scottish white-tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla). Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report No. 898. Scottish Natural Heritage.

Shiraki, S. 2018. Trend of White-tailed Eagles Breeding in Japan During the Past Quarter-century. Raptors Conservation Suppl. 1: 36.

Shukov, P.M. 2019. New Data on Distribution and Population Number of Large Birds of Prey in Nizhny Novgorod Region, Russia. Raptors Conservation 38: 127-136.

Detailed species account from Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status (BirdLife International 2004)

Detailed species account from European Red List of Birds (BirdLife International 2015)

Detailed species accounts from the Threatened birds of Asia: the BirdLife International Red Data Book (BirdLife International 2001).

International Action Plan

Jump to the case study for this species in Wildlife comeback in Europe: The recovery of selected mammal and bird species (Deniet et al. 2003)

Search for photos and videos, and hear sounds of this species from the Macaulay Library

---

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: White-tailed Sea-eagle Haliaeetus albicilla. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/white-tailed-sea-eagle-haliaeetus-albicilla on 24/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 24/11/2024.