• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
D	D	D1

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2024	Extinct
2018	Critically Endangered	B1ab(v);C2a(i,ii);D
2016	Critically Endangered	B1ab(v);C2a(i,ii);D
2013	Critically Endangered	B1ab(v);C2a(i,ii);D
2012	Critically Endangered	B1ab(v);C2a(i,ii);D
2011	Critically Endangered	C2a(ii); D1
2010	Critically Endangered	C2a(ii); D1
2009	Critically Endangered	C2a(ii); D1
2008	Critically Endangered
2004	Critically Endangered
2000	Critically Endangered
1996	Critically Endangered
1994	Critically Endangered
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	0 mature individuals	good	estimated	2023
Population trend		poor	-	-
Generation length	2.9 years	-	-	-

Population justification: While common and widespread in 1908 (Hull 1910) and 1926 (Mees 1969), it was very scarce in 1962, with a population estimated at <50 birds, and only two birds were seen in 1968 (Mees 1969). Four records during an island-wide survey in 1979 were the last multi-observer records (Schodde et al. 1983). Formal searches in the 1980s and in 2009 (Dutson 2013) failed to find the species, but poorly documented reports (detailed in Dutson 2013) suggested persistence. There have been no records since 2009 and from 2017 to 2019 postgraduate students spending three months a year working in prime white-eye habitat on the island and have seen none (R. Clarke unpublished, in Clarke et al. 2021). Intensive nest searches over three breeding seasons in 2018–2020 during peak breeding months and an island-wide point-count survey between October and November 2019 also failed to detect the species (Nance et al. 2023a).

Following methods developed in a series of papers published in 2017 (Akcakaya et al. 2017, Keith et al. 2017, Thompson et al. 2017), the probability that this species is extinct based on records and surveys is 0.99, and the probability it is extinct based on threats is 0.98 (Clarke et al. 2021). It is accordingly considered Extinct.

Trend justification: This species is considered extinct. Four records during an island-wide survey in 1979 were the last multi-observer records (Schodde et al. 1983), with poorly documented reports suggesting the species possibly persisted until the first decade of the 21st century (Clarke et al. 2021).

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Norfolk Island (to Australia)	extinct	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Norfolk Island (to Australia)	Norfolk Island

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 300 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Rattus rattus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Whole (>90%)		Rapid Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Zosterops lateralis	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Competition

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: White-chested White-eye Zosterops albogularis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/white-chested-white-eye-zosterops-albogularis on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.