• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	C2a(i)	C2a(i)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2023	Endangered	C2a(i)
2016	Endangered	A2d+3d+4d;C2a(i)
2013	Endangered	A2d+3d+4d;C2a(i)
2012	Endangered	A2d+3d+4d;C2a(i)
2010	Endangered	A2d; A3d; A4d; C2a(i)
2008	Vulnerable	A2b,c,d; A3b,c,d; A4b,c,d; C2a(i)
2006	Vulnerable
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	1,420,000 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	10,600 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1000-2499 mature individuals	medium	estimated	2022
Population trend	decreasing	medium	inferred	-
Generation length	8.23 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	10-100	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	1-89%	-	-	-

Population justification: National population estimates include 200 individuals on isla Mocagua and 200-250 individuals on islands in río Caquetá in Colombia (Renjifo et al. 2014), less than 1,000 individuals in Brazil (ICMBio 2018), less than 130 individuals in Bolivia (Armonía Bolivia 2022), and 250-500 individuals in Peru (SERFOR 2018). This equates to up to 1,780-2,080 individuals across the range, which is equivalent to roughly 1,180-1,380 mature individuals.
In its presumed stronghold near the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve in Brazil, densities of c. 0.6 individuals/km² could be observed (Begazo and Valqui 1998, ICMBio 2018). Under the assumption that this density is representative for the global range, and further assuming that 50% of the mapped range is occupied to account for its strict habitat requirements (i.e. c.4,000 km²), an extrapolation across the range results in a population of 2,400 individuals. This roughly equates to 1,600 mature individuals. To account for uncertainty and the differences in the above methods of estimating the global population, it is here placed in the band 1,000-2,499 mature individuals.
A population genetic study of the population along the Peruvian-Colombian border found significant genetic structuring across a small area, suggesting reduced movement and gene flow and thus the existence of several very small subpopulations (Alvarez-Prada and Ruiz-García 2015).

Trend justification: Formerly widespread across a large area, this species has declined dramatically, mainly as a consequence of hunting and habitat loss, and is now restricted to scattered, disjunct localities. In parts of the range it has reportedly suffered local extinctions (del Hoyo et al. 2020).
While declines have certainly been drastic in the past, the population now shows signs of recovery locally in areas where hunting pressure has been greatly reduced through awareness and education campaigns, e.g. in Bolivia (Hennessey 1999, Armonía Bolivia 2022). Hunting is however ongoing in other areas and likely causing an ongoing population decline (Renjifo et al. 2014, ICMBio 2018, SERFOR 2018). Habitat loss and degradation may further aggravate the population decline; however, tree cover loss within the known range is low (2% over the past 20 years; Global Forest Watch 2022, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein). The current impact of these threats on the population size is not known, and as such the overall rate of population decline is unquantified.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Bolivia	extant	native	yes
Brazil	extant	native	yes
Colombia	extant	native	yes
Ecuador	possibly extinct	native	yes
Peru	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Bolivia	Bajo Río Beni, Región Tacana
Brazil	Mamirauá
Colombia	Isla Mirití
Colombia	Isla Mocagua y Zaragocilla
Colombia	Parque Nacional Natural Amacayacu
Peru	Reserva Nacional Pacaya Samiria

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Swamp	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 300 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation

Purpose	Scale
Food - human	subsistence, national

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Wattled Curassow Crax globulosa. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/wattled-curassow-crax-globulosa on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.