Ammon, E. A.; Woods, J. 2008. Status of tricolored blackbirds in Nevada. Great Basin Birds 10: 63-66.
Anon. 2008. Tricoloured mega-colony saved. World Birdwatch 30(2): 5.
Beedy, A.; Hamilton III, W. J. 1997. Tricolored Blackbird status update and management guidelines. September. (Jones & Stokes Associates, Inc. 97-099).
Beedy, E. C.; Hamilton III, W. J. 1999. Tricolored Blackbird Agelaius tricolor. In: Poole, A.; Gill, F. (ed.), The birds of North America, Birds of North America, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
Benton, T. G., D. M. Bryant, L. Cole, and H. Q. P. Crick. 2002. Linking agricultural practice to insect and bird populations: a historical study over three decades. J. Appl. Ecol. 39: 673–687.
Bird, J.P., Martin, R., Akçakaya, H.R., Gilroy, J., Burfield, I.J., Garnett, S.G., Symes, A., Taylor, J., Şekercioğlu, Ç.H. and Butchart, S.H.M. 2020. Generation lengths of the world’s birds and their implications for extinction risk. Conservation Biology 34(5): 1252-1261.
Cook, L. F.; Toft, C. A. 2005. Dynamics of extinction: population decline in the colonially nesting Tricolored Blackbird Agelaius tricolor. Bird Conservation International 15: 73-88.
DeHaven, R. W. 1971. Blackbirds and the California Rice Crop. Rice Journal 74: 1-4.
DeHaven, R. W. 2000. Breeding Tricolored Blackbirds in the Central Valley, California: a quarter-century perspective. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Sacramento, California, U.S.A.
DeHaven, R. W. 2000. Strategy for exit from the dilemma of Tricolored Blackbirds nesting in dairy silage fields in the San Joaquin Valley, California. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Sacramento, California, U.S.A.
DeHaven, R. W.; Crase, F. T.; Woronecki, P. P. 1975. Breeding status of the Tricolored Blackbird 1969-1972. California Fish and Game 61: 166-180.
Hamilton, W.J. III. 1998. Tricolored Blackbird Itinerant Breeding in California. Condor 100: 218-226.
IUCN. 2020. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2020-3. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 10 December 2020).
Jaramillo, A.; Burke, P. 1999. New World blackbirds: the icterids. Christopher Helm, London.
Kelsey, R. 2008. Results of the 2008 Tricolored Blackbird census: population status and an analysis of statewide trends. US Fish and Wildlife Service, Portland, Oregon.
King, S.L., Twedt, D.J. and Wilson, R.R. 2006. The role of the Wetland Reserve Program in conservation efforts in the Mississippi River Alluvial Valley. Wildlife Society Bulletin 34(4): 914-920.
Meehan, T. D.; Arthur, S.; Michel, N. L.; Wilsey, C. B.; Langham, G. M. 2019. Trends in Tricolored Blackbird Colony Size: 2008 Through 2017. The Journal of Wildlife Management 83(5): 1237-1243.
Meehan, T. D.; LeBaron, G. S.; Dale, K.; Michel, N. L.; Verutes, G. M.; Langham, G. M. 2018. Abundance trends of birds wintering in the USA and Canada, from Audubon Christmas Bird Counts, 1966-2017, version 2.1. New York, New York, USA
Meese, R. J. 2009. Contribution of the conservation of silage colonies to Tricolored Blackbird Conservation 2005-2009. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
Meese, R. J. 2009. Trapping and banding of tricolored blackbirds (Agelaius tricolor) in the Central Valley in 2009. California Department of Fish & Game and U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
Meese, R. J. 2015. Efforts to assess the status of the Tricolored Blackbird from 1931 to 2014. Central Valley Bird Club Bulletin 17: 37-50.
Meese, R. J. 2017. Results of the 2017 Tricolored Blackbird Statewide Survey. Calif. Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, Wildlife Branch, Nongame Wildlife Program Report 2017-04, Sacramento, CA.
Meese, R.J. 2008. Detection, monitoring, and fates of Tricolored Blackbird Colonies in 2008 in the Central Valley of California. California Department of Fish & Game and U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service.
Meese, R.J. 2013. Chronic low reproductive success of the colonial Tricolored Blackbird from 2006 to 2011. Western Birds 44: 98 -113.
Meese, R.J. 2014. Results of the 2014 Tricolored Blackbird Statewide Survey. University of California, Davis.
Meese, R.J., Beedy, E.C. 2015. Managing nesting and foraging habitats to benefit breeding Tricolored Blackbirds. Central Valley Bird Club Bulletin 17: 79-96.
Meese, R.J., Yee, J. and Holyoak, M. 2015. Sampling to estimate population size and detect trends in Tricolored Blackbirds. Central Valley Bird Club Bulletin 17: 51-78.
Neff, J. A. 1937. Nesting distribution of the Tri-coloured Red-wing. Condor 39: 61-81.
Rich, T.D., Beardmore, C.J., Berlanga, H., Blancher, P.J., Bradstreet, M.S.W., Butcher, G.S., Demarest, D.W., Dunn, E.H., Hunter, W.C., Inigo-Elias, E.E., Martell, A.M., Panjabi, A.O., Pashley, D.N., Rosenberg, K.V., Rustay, C.M., Wendt, J.S. and Will, T.C. 2004. Partners in flight: North American landbird conservation plan. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY.
Robinson, O. J.; Ruiz-Gutierrez, V.; Fink, D.; Meese, R. J.; Holyoak, M.; Cooch, E. G. 2018. Using citizen science data in integrated population models to inform conservation. Biological Conservation 227(2018): 361-368.
Rosenberg, K.V.; Kennedy, J.A.; Dettmers, R.; Ford, R.P.; Reynolds, D.; Alexander, J.D.; Beardmore, C.J.; Blancher, P.J.; Bogart, R.E.; Butcher, G.S.; Camfield, A.F.; Couturier, A.; Demarest, D.W.; Easton, W.E.; Giocomo, J.J.; Keller, R.H.; Mini, A.E.; Panjabi, A.O.; Pashley, D.N.; Rich, T.D.; Ruth, J.M.; Stabins, H.; Stanton, J.; Will, T. 2016. Partners in Flight Landbird Conservation Plan: 2016 Revision for Canada and Continental United States. Partners in Flight Science Committee.
Search for photos and videos, and hear sounds of this species from the Macaulay Library
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Tricolored Blackbird Agelaius tricolor. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/tricolored-blackbird-agelaius-tricolor on 25/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 25/12/2024.