Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
- | - | - |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2023 | Near Threatened | A2cd+3cd+4cd |
2016 | Near Threatened | A2cd+3cd+4cd;B1ab(i,ii,iii,v) |
2012 | Near Threatened | A2cd+3cd+4cd;B1ab(i,ii,iii,v) |
2008 | Near Threatened | A2c,d; A3c,d; A4c,d; B1a+b(i,ii,iii,v) |
2004 | Near Threatened | |
2000 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
1994 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
1988 | Threatened |
Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | high |
Land-mass type |
continent |
Average mass | 98 g |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 115,900 km2 | medium |
Severely fragmented? | no | - |
Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Population size | 20000-49999 mature individuals | poor | suspected | 2022 |
Population trend | decreasing | poor | inferred | 2017-2029 |
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 20-29% | - | - | - |
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 20-29% | - | - | - |
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 20-29% | - | - | - |
Generation length | 4.11 years | - | - | - |
Number of subpopulations | 2-100 | - | - | - |
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation | 1-89% | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but density descriptions range from 'uncommon' (Stotz et al. 1996) to 'abundant' (Rueda et al. 2020).
Surveys at La Planada Nature Reserve, Colombia, in the 1980s suggested an world population of c.73,000 individuals (Restrepo and Mondragón 1987), but this number is now considered an overestimate (Rueda et al. 2020 and references therein). Considering this, and accounting for past population declines, the population is tentatively placed in the band 20,000-49,999 mature individuals, though an accurate quantification is urgently required.
Trend justification: The species has been suffering from local declines or extinctions, particularly in Colombia (Renjifo et al. 2014). The main drivers of the decline appear to be illegal trapping, followed by the loss and degradation of its habitat (Renjifo et al. 2014, Rueda et al. 2020).
Tree cover within the range is lost at a rate of 3% over three generations (12.3 years; Global Forest Watch 2022, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein). Given the species' dependence on mature forests, particularly during the breeding season, population declines may be steeper than the rate of tree cover loss alone suggests. The impact of trapping has not been quantified but is described as locally severe, particularly given the species' cooperative breeding behaviour as this enables trappers to capture a large number of individuals at once (Renjifo et al. 2014, Rueda et al. 2020). Tentatively, it is suspected that the combined impact of habitat loss, habitat degradation and trapping is causing declines of 20-29% over three generations.
Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Colombia | extant | native | yes | |||
Ecuador | extant | native | yes |
Country/Territory | IBA Name |
---|---|
Colombia | Alto de Pisones |
Colombia | Enclave Seco del Río Dagua |
Colombia | Farallones de Cali Natural National Park |
Colombia | Munchique Natural National Park and southern extension |
Colombia | Parque Nacional Natural Tatamá |
Colombia | Reserva Natural El Pangán |
Colombia | Reserva Natural Río Ñambí |
Colombia | Reserva Natural Tambito |
Ecuador | Bosque Protector Los Cedros |
Ecuador | El Ángel - Cerro Golondrinas and surrounding areas |
Ecuador | Intag-Toisán |
Ecuador | Los Bancos - Milpe |
Ecuador | Maquipucuna-Río Guayllabamba |
Ecuador | Mashpi-Pachijal |
Ecuador | Mindo and western foothills of Volcan Pichincha |
Ecuador | Reserva Ecológica Cotacachi-Cayapas |
Ecuador | Reserva Ecológica Los Illinizas y alrededores |
Ecuador | Río Toachi-Chiriboga |
Ecuador | Territorio Étnico Awá y alrededores |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Artificial/Terrestrial | Pastureland | suitable | resident |
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane | major | resident |
Altitude | 1000 - 2400 m | Occasional altitudinal limits | (min) 260 m |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Agriculture & aquaculture | Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Agriculture & aquaculture | Wood & pulp plantations - Small-holder plantations | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 7 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Energy production & mining | Mining & quarrying | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Problematic native species/diseases - Andigena laminirostris | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Residential & commercial development | Housing & urban areas | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Causing/Could cause fluctuations | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
Purpose | Scale |
---|---|
Pets/display animals, horticulture | subsistence, national |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Toucan Barbet Semnornis ramphastinus. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/toucan-barbet-semnornis-ramphastinus on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.