Taxonomic note
Rhyticeros everetti (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) was previously placed in the genus Aceros.
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
- | A2cd+3cd+4cd; C2a(ii) | A2cd+3cd+4cd; C2a(i,ii) |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2020 | Endangered | A2cd+3cd+4cd; C2a(ii) |
2016 | Vulnerable | A2cd+3cd+4cd;B1ab(ii,iii,iv,v);C1+2a(ii) |
2012 | Vulnerable | A2cd+3cd+4cd;B1ab(ii,iii,iv,v);C1+2a(ii) |
2010 | Vulnerable | A2c,d; A3c,d; A4c,d; B1a+b(ii,iii,iv,v); C1; C2a(ii) |
2008 | Vulnerable | A2c,d; A3c,d; A4c,d; B1a+b(ii,iii,iv,v); C1; C2a(ii) |
2004 | Vulnerable | |
2000 | Vulnerable | |
1996 | Vulnerable | |
1994 | Vulnerable | |
1988 | Threatened |
Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | high |
Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 13,100 km2 | medium |
Severely fragmented? | no | - |
Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Population size | 1000-2000 mature individuals | medium | estimated | 2020 |
Population trend | decreasing | poor | inferred | 2000-2025 |
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 50-76% | - | - | - |
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 50-79% | - | - | - |
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 50-79% | - | - | - |
Generation length | 8.4 years | - | - | - |
Number of subpopulations | 1 | - | - | - |
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation | 100% | - | - | - |
Population justification: Recent population estimates indicate that there has been a rapid decline in the population over the past three generations, and it appears that extrapolations from high densities from a short survey of Manupeu-Tandaru National Park were inappropriate, and the estimate of 6,400 (D. Mulyawati in litt. 2010) is considered an overestimate (T. O'Brien in litt. 2020). The most recent population estimate is of 1,650 mature individuals, based on the reduction in extent and number of large forest patches. With a rapid suspected population reduction underway and an inferred continuing decline in mature individuals the current population size is estimated to be between 1,000-2,000 mature individuals.
Trend justification: Despite the adequate protection of an area of lowland forest in the Manupeu-Tanadaru National Park (D. Mulyawati in litt. 2010), an overall population decline of 30-49% is estimated owing to the extensive and on-going loss and fragmentation of forest habitats outside of the reserve.
Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indonesia | extant | native | yes |
Country/Territory | IBA Name |
---|---|
Indonesia | Laiwanggi Wanggameti |
Indonesia | Luku Melolo |
Indonesia | Manupeu Tanadaru |
Indonesia | Poronumbu |
Indonesia | Tanjung Ngunju |
Indonesia | Yawila |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | major | resident |
Savanna | Dry | suitable | resident |
Altitude | 0 - 950 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Agriculture & aquaculture | Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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Natural system modifications | Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 7 | ||||||
|
Purpose | Scale |
---|---|
Food - human | |
Pets/display animals, horticulture |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Sumba Hornbill Rhyticeros everetti. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/sumba-hornbill-rhyticeros-everetti on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.