• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2023	Least Concern
2016	Near Threatened	C1
2012	Near Threatened	C1
2008	Near Threatened	C1
2004	Near Threatened
2000	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1994	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	235,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	unknown	-	-	-
Population trend	decreasing	poor	suspected	-
Generation length	4.37 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	5-20	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	1-89%	-	-	-

Population justification: The population size of this species is entirely unknown and even qualitative descriptions of its abundance are difficult to make. It was collected in Lore Lindu National Park in 1917 (Riley 1921) and there have been sporadic sightings here since (Mole and Wangko 2006, eBird 2022). Gerd Heinrich collected six specimens from the Mekongga Mountains in 1930-31 (White and Bruce 1986), but a recent search of this mountain range failed to find it (Berryman and Eaton 2020). It has also been collected in Minahasa, and here the species was recently photographed on a camera trap (Patandung et al. 2019).
Evaluating these observations, the species is reasonably assumed to be quite widespread across montane Sulawesi and the habitat used by the bird observed by Patandung et al. (2019) illustrates why the species is likely to have extremely low detectability, especially with the call and display being wholly unknown. With c.35,000 km² of montane forest within its elevational range (per Global Forest Watch 2022, based on data from Hansen et al. [2013] and methods disclosed therein), the population is unlikely to be small.

Trend justification: The population is suspected to be declining due to a number of possible threats. Although forest loss was previously thought to be impacting the species (see BirdLife International 2001), recent remote sensing data (Global Forest Watch 2022, based on data from Hansen et al. [2013] and methods disclosed therein) indicate that this has been minimal, equivalent to <0.5% in the three generations (13.1 years; Bird et al. 2020) to 2022. However, it may still be having a local impact. Patandung et al. (2019) noted that the Duasudara Nature Reserve block, whence they recorded the species, had been significantly impacted by fire in 1998 and 2015 and the species' apparent predilection for dense closed-canopy forest suggests it is likely to be impacted by even minor habitat alterations. Similarly, Patandung et al. also consider hunting (with snares) a risk, as well as feral domestic cats which were common at their study site and also mentioned by BirdLife International (2001; see account for Geomalia Zoothera heinrichi). All of these threats, however, are unlikely to be affecting more than a small fraction of the species' range. Consequently, although the rate of population decline is not quantified here, it is suspected to be slow.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Indonesia	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Indonesia	Lore Lindu
Indonesia	Mahawu - Masarang
Indonesia	Morowali
Indonesia	Pegunungan Latimojong

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	1700 - 2300 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	1100 - 2500 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Unintentional effects (species is not the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Unknown		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Species mortality
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Sulawesi Woodcock Scolopax celebensis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/sulawesi-woodcock-scolopax-celebensis on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.