Data Zone
Taxonomic note
Pipilo maculatus and P. socorroensis (del Hoyo and Collar 2016) were previously lumped as P. maculatus following AOU (1998 & supplements); Stotz et al. (1996).
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Least Concern | |
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Not Recognised | |
| 2008 | Not Recognised | |
| 2004 | Not Recognised | |
| 2000 | Not Recognised | |
| 1994 | Not Recognised | |
| 1988 | Not Recognised |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | medium |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 7,820,000 km2 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) | 7,390,000 km2 | medium |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | 40000000 mature individuals | poor | inferred | 2019 |
| Population trend | stable | - | inferred | - |
| Generation length | 3.36 years | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population is inferred to number 40 million mature individuals (Partners in Flight 2019).
Trend justification: The species has stable population trends (Pardieck et al. 2018; Partners in Flight 2019).
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canada | extant | native | yes | yes | yes | |
| Guatemala | extant | native | yes | |||
| Mexico | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| USA | extant | native | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest | suitable | breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest | suitable | non-breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane | major | breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane | major | non-breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | suitable | non-breeding |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | breeding |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | non-breeding |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude | suitable | breeding |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude | suitable | non-breeding |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Moist | suitable | breeding |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Moist | suitable | non-breeding |
| Altitude | 0 - 3300 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Spotted Towhee Pipilo maculatus. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/spotted-towhee-pipilo-maculatus on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.