Data Zone
Taxonomic note
Bubo milesi is recognised as a full species separate to B. africanus on multiple criteria following Collar and Boesman (2019). Previously, B. africanus (including milesi) and B. cinerascens were separated (del Hoyo and Collar 2014). Before this, all were previously included within B. africanus following Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993). Often considered to include B. cinerascens as a subspecies, but the two differ in morphology and not known to interbreed where ranges overlap. Subspecies tanae perhaps only a pale variant, as is form described from Namibia (trothae). Two subspecies currently recognized.
Taxonomic source(s)
Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International. 2022. Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 7. Available at: https://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v7_Dec22.zip.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | Least Concern | |
| 2016 | Not Recognised | |
| 2012 | Not Recognised | |
| 2008 | Not Recognised | |
| 2004 | Not Recognised | |
| 2000 | Not Recognised | |
| 1994 | Not Recognised | |
| 1988 | Not Recognised |
| Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | medium |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 10,000,000 km2 | |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | unknown | - | - | - |
| Population trend | stable | - | suspected | - |
| Generation length | 6.17 years | - | - | - |
| Number of subpopulations | 2-100 | - | - | - |
| Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation | 1-89% | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is reported to be widespread and common, and only uncommon in Uganda and Kenya (del Hoyo et al. 1999, Holt et al. 2021).
Trend justification: The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats.
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angola | extant | native | yes | |||
| Botswana | extant | native | yes | |||
| Burundi | extant | native | yes | |||
| Congo | extant | native | yes | |||
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | extant | native | yes | |||
| Eswatini | extant | native | yes | |||
| Gabon | extant | native | yes | |||
| Kenya | extant | native | yes | |||
| Lesotho | extant | native | yes | |||
| Malawi | extant | native | yes | |||
| Mozambique | extant | native | yes | |||
| Namibia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Rwanda | extant | native | yes | |||
| South Africa | extant | native | yes | |||
| Tanzania | extant | native | yes | |||
| Uganda | extant | native | yes | |||
| Zambia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Zimbabwe | extant | native | yes |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Rural Gardens | suitable | resident |
| Desert | Hot | major | resident |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | resident |
| Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | resident |
| Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks) | major | resident | |
| Savanna | Dry | major | resident |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | resident |
| Altitude | 0 - 2100 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Persecution/control | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | No decline | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
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| Human intrusions & disturbance | Work & other activities | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | No decline | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
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| Transportation & service corridors | Roads & railroads | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | No decline | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Spotted Eagle-owl Bubo africanus. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/spotted-eagle-owl-bubo-africanus on 28/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 28/11/2024.