Data Zone
Anderson, G., Aung, P. P., Clark, N., Hilton, G., Kelly, C., Melville, D. & Phillips, J. 2016. SBS survey in Gulf of Mottama, Myanmar, February 2016. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force - News Bulletin 15: 16-19.
Anon. 2018. Great news for shorebirds! China to halt coastal land reclamation. BirdLife International. Available at: https://www.birdlife.org/worldwide/news/great-news-shorebirds-china-halt-coastal-land-reclamation. (Accessed: 19th August 2018).
Aung, P.-P., Moses, S., Clark, N. A., Anderson, G. Q. A., Hilton, G. M., Buchanan, G. M., Zöckler, C. & Green, R. E. 2020. Recent changes in the number of spoon-billed sandpipers Calidris pygmaea wintering on the Upper Gulf of Mottama in Myanmar. Oryx 54(1): 23-29.
Aung, P.-P., Moses, S., Zaw, M.T., Naung, H.P., Htet, M.T. & Aung, N.O.O. 2016. Monitoring Programme for the Critically Endangered Spoon-Billed Sandpiper on its Most Important Wintering Grounds in Myanmar. . Biodiversity and Nature Conservation Association, Yangon, Myanmar.
Bai, Q., Chen, J., Chen, Z., Dong, G., Dong, J., Dong, W., Fu, V. W. K., Han, Y., Lu, G., Li, J., Liu, Y., Lin, Z., Meng, D., Martinez, J., Ni, G., Shan, K., Sun, R., Tian, S., Wang, F., Xu, Z., Yu, Y., Yang, J., Yang, Z., Zhang, L., Zhang, M. & Zeng, X./Chinese Coastal Waterbird Census Group. 2015. Identification of coastal wetlands of international importance for waterbirds: a review of China Coastal Waterbird Surveys 2005–2013. Avian Research 6(12): 1-16.
BANCA. 2012. Targeting hunters to save Spoon-billed Sandpiper. BirdLife International. Available at: http://www.birdlife.org/asia/news/targeting-hunters-save-spoon-billed-sandpiper. (Accessed: 24/07/2015).
Bird, J. P., Lees, A. C., Chowdhury, A. U., Martin, R. & Ul Haque, E. 2010. A survey of the Critically Endangered Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus in Bangladesh and key future research and conservation recommendations. Forktail 26: 1-8.
Bird, J. P., Lees, A. C., Chowdhury, S. U., Martin, R., Halder, R. and Ul Haque, E. 2010. Observations of globally threatened shorebirds in Bangladesh. BirdingASIA 14: 53-58.
Bird, J.P., Martin, R., Akçakaya, H.R., Gilroy, J., Burfield, I.J., Garnett, S.G., Symes, A., Taylor, J., Şekercioğlu, Ç.H. and Butchart, S.H.M. 2020. Generation lengths of the world’s birds and their implications for extinction risk. Conservation Biology 34(5): 1252-1261. DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13486.
BirdLife Asia. 2013. Shorebird trapping threatens new Spoon-billed Sandpiper wintering site in China. Available at: http://www.birdlife.org/community/2013/01/shorebird-trapping-threatens-new-spoon-billed-sandpiper-wintering-site-in-china/.
BirdLife International. 2001. Threatened Birds of Asia: the BirdLife International Red Data Book. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.
Ceci, C. 2017. The fight for survival. Birdwatch Magazine: 49-52.
Choi, C.-Y. 2021. The revised National Key Protected Wild Animal List of China. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force · News Bulletin 24: 10-11.
Chowdhury, S. U. 2010. Preliminary survey of shorebird hunting in five villages around Sonadia Island, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. BirdingASIA: 101-102.
Chowdhury, S. U. 2012. Survey and conservation of the critically endangered Spoon-billed Sandpiper in Bangladesh. Ibis 154(1): 210-211.
Chowdhury, S. U. 2016. Further SBS surveys along Sandwip coast in Bangladesh. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force - News Bulletin 15: 28.
Chowdhury, S. U., Diyan, M. A. A., Zöckler, C., Foysal, M., & Lemke, H. W. 2014. Shorebird survey sites along the coast of the Sundarbans, south-west Bangladesh. Stilt 66: 10–13.
Chowdhury, S. U., Foysal, M., Das, D. K., Mohsanin, S., Diyan, M. A. A. & Alam, A. B. M. S. 2011. Seasonal occurrence and site use by shorebirds at Sonadia Island, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. Wader Study Group Bulletin 118: 77-81.
Chowdhury, S. U., Foysal, M., Diyan, M., & Ahmed, S. 2018. Discovery of an important wintering site of the Critically Endangered Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmaea in the Meghna Estuary, Bangladesh. Bird Conservation International, 28(2): 251-262.
Clark, N. A. 2009. Looking for 'Spoons' in the Land of the Pagodas. BTO News: 21-22.
Clark, N. A. 2015. Roughing it gives great rewards! Saving the Spoon-billed Sandpiper. Available at: http://www.saving-spoon-billed-sandpiper.com/2015/01/news/conservation/roughing-it-gives-great-rewards/. (Accessed: 24/07/2015).
Clark, N. A., Anderson, G. Q. A., Li, J., Syroechkovskiy, E. E., Tomkovich, P. S., Zöckler, C., Lee, R. & Green, R. E. 2018. First formal estimate of the world population of the Critically Endangered spoon-billed sandpiper Calidris pygmaea. Oryx 52(1): 137-146.
Clark, N. A., Pain, D. & Green, R. E. 2014. Saving the Spoon-billed Sandpiper: an update on the conservation programme. British Birds 107(8): 467-475.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Donald, P. F., Collar, N. J., Marsden, S. J. & Pain, D. J. 2013. Facing Extinction: The world’s rarest birds and the race to save them. Second Edition. Christopher Helm, Bloomsbury Publishing plc., London.
Fowlie, M. 2011. Saving Spoon-billed Sandpiper. World Birdwatch 33(1): 12-14.
Fu, V. 2015. Summary report of mid-winter Spoon-billed Sandpiper census in southern China. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force News Bulletin 13: 14-15.
Green, R. E., Syroechkovskiy, E. E., Anderson, G. Q., Chang, Q., Chowdhury, S. U., Clark, J. A., Foysal, M., Gerasimov, Y., Hughes, B., Kelly, C., Lappo, E., Lee, R., Leung, K. K. S., Li, J., Loktionov, E. Y., Melville, D. S., Phillip, J., Tomkovich, P. S., Weston, E., Weston, J., Yakushev, N. & Clark, N. A. 2021. New estimates of the size and trend of the world population of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper using three independent statistical models. Wader Study 128(1): 22-35.
Heritage Expeditions. 2016. Unknown Breeding Ground of Rare Spoonbilled Sandpiper Located by Expedition. Available at: http://www.heritage-expeditions.com/captains-blog/unknown-breeding-ground-spoonbilled-sandpiper-located-expedition/.
IUCN. 2021. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021-3. Available at: https://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 09 December 2021).
Kelly, C., Zöckler, C., Scampion, B., and Syroechkovskiy, E. E. 2017. Hammer, filter or microphone: How does the Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmaea use its bill to feed? . Wader Study 124(2).
Lee, J., Chung, O., Park, J., Kim, H., Hur, W., Kim, S., & Kim, J. 2018. Effects of the Saemangeum Reclamation Project on migratory shorebird staging in the Saemangeum and Geum Estuaries, South Korea. Bird Conservation International, 28(2): 238-250.
Lee, R. 2016. News from the field: And they’re off! Saving the Spoon-billed Sandpiper Available at: http://www.saving-spoon-billed-sandpiper.com/2016/07/expeditions/news-from-the-field-and-theyre-off/.
Lei, Z. 2018. Reclaiming land to be restricted. News report. Available at: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/201801/18/WS5a5fc6f3a310e4ebf433e61b.html. (Accessed: 19th August 2018).
Li, J. & Chowdhury, S.U. 2016. Autumn 2016 survey at Rudong-Dontai, Jiangsu Province, China by SBS TF. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force News Bulletin 15: 6-8.
Long, T. L. 2015. SBS Conservation activities in Vietnam. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force News Bulletin 13: 16.
Martinez, J. & Allcock, J.A. 2016. China’s Spoon-billed Sandpiper highest winter count in Leizhou peninsular, Guangdong province. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force - News Bulletin 15: 23-27.
Martinez, J. & Lewthwaite, R. 2013. Rampant shorebird trapping threatens Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus in south-west Guangdong, China. BirdingAsia 19: 26-30.
Menxiu, T., Lin, Z., Li, J., Zöckler, C. & Clark, N.A. 2012. The critical importance of the Rudong mudflats, Jiangsu Province, China in the annual cycle of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmeus. Wader Study Group Bulletin 119(3): 74-77.
Moores, N. 2015. Reclamation in the Yellow Sea is the main cause of the decline of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper (really). Birds Korea Blog. Available at: http://www.birdskoreablog.org/?p=14708. (Accessed: 24/07/2015).
Nitschke, M., Lund, M. & Maumary, L. 2015. Russkaya Koshka expedition June 2014 – first positive trends in the breeding grounds. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force News Bulletin 13: 4-5.
Pain, D. 2010. The Spoon-billed Sandpiper. Waterlife: 36-39.
Pain, D., Green, R. & Clark, N. 2011. Bird on the edge: can the Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus be saved? BirdingASIA 15: 26-35.
Peng, H., Anderson, G., Chang, Q., Choi, C., Chowdhury, S., Clark, N., Gan, X., Hearn, R.D., Li, J., Lappo, E.G., Liu, W., Ma, Z., Melville, D. S., Phillips, J. F., Syroechkovskiy, E. E. Tong, M., Wang, S., Zhang, L. & Zöckler, C. 2017. The intertidal wetlands of southern Jiangsu Province, China – globally important for Spoon-billed Sandpipers and other threatened waterbirds, but facing multiple serious threats. Bird Conservation International 27(3): 305-322.
Phillips, J. 2015. Continuing the international effort to survey the critically endangered Spoon-billed Sandpiper in China. Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. Available at: http://www.rspb.org.uk/community/ourwork/b/biodiversity/archive/2015/07/02/spoon-billed-sandpiper-survey-in-china.aspx. (Accessed: 27/07/2015).
Roy, S. 2018. Critically endangered bird clicked on beach. The Telegraph India Available at: https://www.telegraphindia.com/calcutta/critically-endangered-bird-clicked-on-beach-220227. (Accessed: 19th August 2018).
Syroechkovskiy, E. E. 2019. News in Brief: Russia. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force · News Bull 21: 39.
Syroechkovskiy, E. E., Tomkovich, P., Loktionov, E., Yakushev, N. & Lappo, E. 2020. Chukotka expedition during COVID pandemics 2020 recording new declines in breeding Spoon-billed Sandpipers. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force - News Bulletin 23: 5-11.
Syroechkovskiy, E. E., Zöckler, C. & Bird, J. P. 2009. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus: last chance to save. BirdingASIA 12: 109-111.
Syroechkovskiy, E. Jr. 2005. The Spoonbilled Sandpiper on the edge: a review of breeding distribution, population estimates and plans for conservation in Russia. In: P. Straw (ed.), Status and conservation of shorebirds in the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, pp. 169-174. Sydney, Australia.
Tomkovich P. S. 1992. Migration of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus in the Far East of the Russian Federation. Stilt 21: 29-33.
Tomkovich, P. S. 1995. Breeding biology and breeding success of the spoon-billed sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus. Russkiy Ornitologicheskiy Zhurnal: 77-91.
Tomkovich, P. S., Syroechkovski, E. E., Lappo, E. G. & Zöckler, C. 2002. First indications of a sharp population decline in the globally threatened Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus. Bird Conservation International 12: 1-18.
Van Gils, J., Wiersma, P., Sharpe, C. J., & Kirwan, G. M. 2020. Spoon-billed Sandpiper (Calidris pygmaea), version 1.0. In: J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana (eds), Birds of the World, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust. 2016. Sad news for spoon-billed sandpipers. Available at: http://www.wwt.org.uk/news/all-news/2016/07/wwt-news/sad-news-for-spoon-billed-sandpipers/.
Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust. 2021. Slimbridge Spoonies: Bringing you up to speed. Available at: https://www.saving-spoon-billed-sandpiper.com/2021/06/captive-breeding/slimbridge-spoonies-bringing-you-up-to-speed/.
Zhang, L. 2016. Over-summering waders in Dongtai-Rudong area, Jiangsu Province, Chin. Tattler 40: 6-7.
Zöckler, C. (ed). 2013. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force News Bulletin No. 10, August 2013. East Asian - Australasian Flyway Partnership.
Zöckler, C. & Bunting, G. 2006. International Single species Action Plan for the conservation of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus.
Zöckler, C. & Htin Hla. 2009. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Expedition Myanmar 2009.
Zöckler, C. & Lappo, E. G. 2008. Calidris pygmeus (Linnaeus, 1758) Löffelstrandläufer. Atlas der Verbreitung palaearktischer Vögel. Lieferung 21: 1-8.
Zöckler, C. & Li, J. 2013. Durchbruch beim Schutz des Löffelstrandläufers. Der Falke 60(12): 491-493.
Zöckler, C. & Lysenko, I. 2000. Water birds on the edge. First circumpolar assessment of climate change impact on Arctic breeding water birds. WCMC, Cambridge, U.K.
Zöckler, C. & Syroechkovski, E.E. 2010. Rapid and continued population decline in the Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus indicates imminent extinction unless conservation action is taken. Bird Conservation International 20: 95-111.
Zöckler, C. & Syroechkovskiy, E.E. 2008. Report update from the Spoon-billed Sandpiper Recovery Team.
Zöckler, C. 2005. Spoon-billed Sandpiper expedition Chukotka 2005.
Zöckler, C. 2015. Foreword from the Editor. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force News Bulletin 13: 3.
Zöckler, C., Aung, P. P. & Chowdhury, S. U. 2021. Summary of SBS winter counts 2021 and proportion of flagged Spoon-billed Sandpiper. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Task Force · News Bulletin 24: 23-25.
Zöckler, C., Beresford, A. E., Bunting, G., Chowdhury, S. U., Clark, N. A., Fu, V. W. K., Hla, T. H., Morozov, V. V., Syroechkovskiy, E. E., Kashiwagi, M. & Lappo, E. G. 2016. The winter distribution of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmaeus. Bird Conservation International 26: 476-489.
Zöckler, C., Li, J. & Clark, N. 2015. Report on Intertidal Mudflat Waterbird Survey in the Yellow Sea, Autumn 2014. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Taskforce News Bulletin 13: 9-12.
Zöckler, C., Syroechkovski, E.E. & Bunting, G.C. 2008. International Action Plan for the Spoon-billed Sandpiper. BirdLife International Asia, Tokyo.
Zöckler, C., Syroechkovskiy, E. E. & Atkinson, P. W. 2010a. Rapid and continued population decline in the Spoon-billed Sandpiper Eurynorhynchus pygmeus indicates imminent extinction unless conservation action is taken. Bird Conservation International 20(2): 95-111.
Zöckler, C., Syroechkovskiy, E.E. & Bunting, G. 2010b. International single species action plan for the conservation of the Spoon-billed Sandpiper (Eurynorhynchus pygmeus) 2010. BirdLife International Asia Division and CMS Secretariat, Tokyo and Bonn, Germany.
Zöckler, C., Zaw Naing, T., Moses, S., Nou Soe R. & Htin Hla, T. 2014. The importance of the Myanmar Coast for Water Birds. Stilt 66: 37-51.
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BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmaea. Downloaded from
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Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
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