• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2019	Least Concern
2018	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2013	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	low
Land-mass type		Average mass	24 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	16,600,000 km2
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	18,300,000 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	61000000-131500000 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2012
Population trend	decreasing	-	suspected	-
Generation length	5.8 years	-	-	-

Population justification: In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number 6,110,000-13,200,000 pairs, which equates to 12,200,000-26,300,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). Europe forms c.20% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 61,000,000-131,500,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed.

Trend justification: In Europe the population size is estimated to be decreasing by less than 25% in three generations (BirdLife International 2015).

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Afghanistan	extant	native		yes
Albania	extant	native		yes
Algeria	extant	native	yes
Azerbaijan	extant	native	yes
Bahrain	extant	vagrant			yes
Belgium	extant	vagrant			yes
Bosnia and Herzegovina	extant	native		yes
Bulgaria	extant	native	yes
Cape Verde	extant	native	yes
China (mainland)	extant	native		yes
Croatia	extant	native	yes
Cyprus	extant	native	yes
Egypt	extant	native	yes
France	extant	vagrant			yes
Georgia	extant	native		yes
Gibraltar (to UK)	extant	native			yes
Greece	extant	native	yes			yes
India	extant	native			yes
Iran, Islamic Republic of	extant	native	yes
Iraq	extant	native	yes
Israel	extant	native		yes
Italy	extant	native	yes
Jordan	extant	native	yes
Kazakhstan	extant	native		yes
Kuwait	extant	native	yes
Kyrgyzstan	extant	native		yes
Lebanon	extant	native		yes		yes
Libya	extant	native	yes
Liechtenstein	extant	uncertain			yes
Malta	extant	native	yes
Moldova	extant	native		yes
Montenegro	extant	native		yes
Morocco	extant	native	yes
Nepal	extant	vagrant			yes
North Macedonia	extant	native	yes
Norway	extant	vagrant			yes
Oman	extant	native			yes	yes
Pakistan	extant	native			yes
Palestine	extant	native	yes
Portugal	extant	native		yes
Qatar	extant	native	yes
Romania	extant	native		yes
Russia	extant	native		yes
Russia (European)	extant	native		yes
Saudi Arabia	extant	native			yes
Serbia	extant	native		yes
Slovenia	extant	vagrant			yes
Spain	extant	native	yes
Sudan	extant	native			yes
Switzerland	extant	uncertain		yes
Syria	extant	native	yes			yes
Tajikistan	extant	native		yes
Tunisia	extant	native	yes
Türkiye	extant	native	yes
Turkmenistan	extant	native		yes
United Arab Emirates	extant	native	yes
United Kingdom	extant	vagrant			yes
Uzbekistan	extant	native		yes
Western Sahara	extant	native		yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable Land	suitable	resident
Artificial/Terrestrial	Plantations	suitable	resident
Artificial/Terrestrial	Rural Gardens	suitable	resident
Artificial/Terrestrial	Urban Areas	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	resident
Forest	Temperate	suitable	resident
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	resident
Shrubland	Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation	suitable	resident
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	resident
Shrubland	Temperate	major	resident
Altitude		Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Pollution	Agricultural & forestry effluents - Herbicides and pesticides	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Species mortality

Purpose	Scale
Food - human	subsistence, national
Pets/display animals, horticulture	international
Sport hunting/specimen collecting	subsistence, national

---

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Spanish Sparrow Passer hispaniolensis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/spanish-sparrow-passer-hispaniolensis on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.