• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note
Amazona farinosa and A. guatemalae (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) were previously lumped as A. farinosa following Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993).

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2022	Least Concern
2016	Near Threatened	A4cd
2014	Near Threatened	A4cd
2012	Not Recognised
2008	Not Recognised
2004	Not Recognised
2000	Not Recognised
1994	Not Recognised
1988	Not Recognised

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	low
Land-mass type		Average mass	626 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	12,200,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	unknown	poor	-	-
Population trend	decreasing	-	suspected	2000-2029
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Generation length	9.56 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	2-100	-	-	-

Population justification: The population size has not been quantified. The species can be locally common in parts of its range, both in primary and mature secondary forest (Collar et al. 2020, O. Ottema in litt. 2020). The geographically disjunct population in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest was found to be genetically distinct from that in the greater Amazon Basin (Hellmich et al. 2021); therefore the species forms at least two separate subpopulations.

Trend justification: The population is undergoing a decline caused by habitat loss and the impacts of hunting and trapping (Collar et al. 2020). Since 2000, tree cover within the range has been lost at a rate equivalent to roughly 13% over three generations (Global Forest Watch 2021, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein). Rates of deforestation vary between the range; forest loss is historically more severe in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil (Fernandes et al. 2019, Global Forest Watch 2021, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein), while forests in parts of the Amazon Basin and Guinanan Shield remain largely pristine (O. Ottema in litt. 2020, Global Forest Watch 2021, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein). The species appears to tolerate some habitat degradation, but it is susceptible to hunting and trapping (Collar et al. 2020, D. F. Cisneros-Heredia in litt. 2022). Based on this evidence, population declines are placed in the band 10-19% over three generations (28.8 years).

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Bolivia	extant	native	yes
Brazil	extant	native	yes
Colombia	extant	native	yes
Ecuador	extant	native	yes
French Guiana	extant	native	yes
Guyana	extant	native	yes
Panama	extant	native	yes
Peru	extant	native	yes
Suriname	extant	native	yes
Venezuela	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Colombia	Bojonawi
Colombia	Estrella Fluvial Inírida
Colombia	Riberas de la Cuenca Baja del Río Inírida

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest	marginal	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	suitable	resident
Altitude	0 - 1100 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	(max) 1600 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Transportation & service corridors	Roads & railroads	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Purpose	Scale
Food - human	subsistence, national
Pets/display animals, horticulture	national, international

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Southern Mealy Amazon Amazona farinosa. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/southern-mealy-amazon-amazona-farinosa on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.