Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
Brooke, M. de L. 2004. Albatrosses and Petrels Across the World. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.
Turbott, E.G. 1990. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand. Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Wellington.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2018 | Least Concern | |
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | does not normally occur in forest |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 127,000,000 km2 | medium |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | unknown | poor | estimated | 2004 |
| Population trend | stable | - | suspected | - |
| Generation length | 23.3 years | - | - | - |
Population justification: Brooke (2004) estimated the global population to number around 4,000,000 individuals.
Trend justification: There are no data to suggest major changes over recent years (Brooke 2004).
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Angola | extant | native | ||||
| Antarctica | extant | native | yes | |||
| Argentina | extant | native | ||||
| Australia | extant | native | ||||
| Bouvet Island (to Norway) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Brazil | extant | native | ||||
| Chile | extant | native | ||||
| Ecuador | extant | native | ||||
| Falkland Islands (Malvinas) | extant | native | ||||
| French Southern Territories | extant | uncertain | ||||
| Heard Island and McDonald Islands (to Australia) | extant | uncertain | ||||
| Namibia | extant | native | ||||
| New Zealand | extant | native | ||||
| Norfolk Island (to Australia) | extant | uncertain | ||||
| Peru | extant | native | ||||
| South Africa | extant | native | ||||
| South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands | extant | native | yes | |||
| St Helena (to UK) | extant | native | ||||
| Uruguay | extant | native | yes |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|---|
| Antarctica | Aspland Island / Eadie Island |
| Antarctica | Cape Wollaston, Trinity Island |
| Antarctica | Craggy Point, Clarence Island |
| Antarctica | Gibbs Island |
| Antarctica | Inaccessible Islands |
| Antarctica | Sturge Island |
| Bouvet Island (to Norway) | Bouvetøya (Bouvet Island) |
| New Zealand | Bounty (offshore) |
| New Zealand | Bounty Islands |
| New Zealand | Bounty Islands (nearshore) |
| South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands | South Sandwich Islands |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marine Coastal/Supratidal | Sea Cliffs and Rocky Offshore Islands | major | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Macroalgal/Kelp | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Macroalgal/Kelp | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Pelagic | major | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Pelagic | major | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Seagrass (Submerged) | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Seagrass (Submerged) | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy-Mud | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy-Mud | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Oceanic | Epipelagic (0-200m) | major | non-breeding |
| Marine Oceanic | Epipelagic (0-200m) | major | breeding |
| Marine Oceanic | Mesopelagic (200-1000m) | major | non-breeding |
| Marine Oceanic | Mesopelagic (200-1000m) | major | breeding |
| Altitude | 0 - 300 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change & severe weather | Habitat shifting & alteration | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Southern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialoides. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/southern-fulmar-fulmarus-glacialoides on 19/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 19/12/2024.