Solitary Sandpiper (Tringa solitaria) | Details

Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria

Current view: Data table and detailed info

Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2024	Least Concern
2018	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Species attributes

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

Range

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	9,900,000 km²	medium
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	28,400,000 km²	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

Population

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	190000 mature individuals	good	estimated	2023
Population trend	unknown	-	-	-
Generation length	2.99 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: The species has a large estimated population size of 190,000 mature individuals (Partners in Flight 2023).

Trend justification: Considering its population trend over three generations (c. 10 years), the data presented in Smith et al. (2023) indicate a rapid decline of c. 50%, albeit with interannual fluctuations. Conversely, the Breeding Bird Survey (Ziolkowski et al. 2022) recorded a c. 5% increase over the same period, as part of a slow long-term increase. This is mirrored by data from the Christmas Bird Count (Meehan et al. 2022), which indicate an increase of c. 17% in the non-breeding population in the southern USA (following a slow long-term increase there, possibly an artefact of short-stopping because of climate change). Partners in Flight (2023) infers that the most likely overall trend is a c. 11% increase. Overall, because of discrepancies in the data, the trend is set to unknown.

Country/territory distribution

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Anguilla (to UK)	extant	native		yes	yes
Antigua and Barbuda	extant	native		yes	yes
Argentina	extant	native		yes	yes
Aruba (to Netherlands)	extant	native		yes	yes
Bahamas	extant	native			yes
Barbados	extant	native		yes	yes
Belize	extant	native		yes	yes
Bermuda (to UK)	extant	native			yes
Bolivia	extant	native		yes
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (to Netherlands)	extant	native		yes	yes
Brazil	extant	native		yes	yes
Canada	extant	native	yes		yes
Cayman Islands (to UK)	extant	native		yes	yes
Colombia	extant	native		yes	yes
Costa Rica	extant	native		yes	yes
Cuba	extant	native		yes	yes
Curaçao (to Netherlands)	extant	native		yes	yes
Dominica	extant	native		yes	yes
Dominican Republic	extant	native		yes	yes
Ecuador	extant	native		yes	yes
El Salvador	extant	native		yes	yes
France	extant	native			yes
French Guiana	extant	native		yes	yes
Gambia	extant	vagrant
Greenland (to Denmark)	extant	vagrant
Grenada	extant	native		yes	yes
Guadeloupe (to France)	extant	native		yes	yes
Guatemala	extant	native		yes	yes
Guyana	extant	native		yes	yes
Haiti	extant	native		yes	yes
Honduras	extant	native		yes	yes
Iceland	extant	vagrant
Ireland	extant	vagrant
Jamaica	extant	native		yes	yes
Martinique (to France)	extant	native		yes	yes
Mexico	extant	native		yes	yes
Montserrat (to UK)	extant	native		yes	yes
Nicaragua	extant	native		yes	yes
Panama	extant	native		yes	yes
Paraguay	extant	native		yes
Peru	extant	native		yes	yes
Portugal	extant	vagrant
Puerto Rico (to USA)	extant	native		yes	yes
Sint Maarten (to Netherlands)	extant	native		yes	yes
South Africa	extant	vagrant
South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands	extant	vagrant
Spain	extant	vagrant
Sri Lanka	extant	vagrant		yes
St Barthelemy (to France)	extant	native		yes	yes
St Helena (to UK)	extant	vagrant
St Kitts and Nevis	extant	native		yes	yes
St Lucia	extant	native		yes	yes
St Martin (to France)	extant	native		yes	yes
St Pierre and Miquelon (to France)	extant	native			yes
St Vincent and the Grenadines	extant	native		yes	yes
Suriname	extant	native		yes	yes
Sweden	extant	vagrant
Trinidad and Tobago	extant	native		yes	yes
Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK)	extant	native		yes	yes
United Kingdom	extant	vagrant
Uruguay	extant	native		yes	yes
USA	extant	native	yes	yes	yes
Venezuela	extant	native		yes	yes
Virgin Islands (to UK)	extant	native		yes	yes
Virgin Islands (to USA)	extant	native		yes	yes
Zambia	extant	vagrant

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)

Country/Territory	IBA Name
French Guiana	Amana
French Guiana	Ile de Cayenne
French Guiana	Littoral
French Guiana	Littoral Kourou
French Guiana	Littoral Macouria
French Guiana	Littoral Sinnamary
French Guiana	Plaine Kaw et Pointe Béhague

Habitats & altitude

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Water Storage Areas (over 8ha)	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Boreal	suitable	breeding
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded	suitable	non-breeding
Savanna	Moist	major	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls)	suitable	non-breeding
Altitude	0 - 1200 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threats & impact

Threat (level 1)

Threat (level 2)

Impact and Stresses

Biological resource use

Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

No decline

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Species mortality

Biological resource use

Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

No decline

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Climate change & severe weather

Habitat shifting & alteration

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Whole (>90%)

Unknown

Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Utilisation

Purpose	Scale
Pets/display animals, horticulture	subsistence, national

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/solitary-sandpiper-tringa-solitaria on 26/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 26/12/2024.