• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	C2a(ii)	C2a(i,ii)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2021	Near Threatened	C2a(ii)
2016	Near Threatened	C2a(i)
2012	Near Threatened	C2a(i)
2008	Near Threatened	C2a(i)
2004	Near Threatened
2000	Vulnerable
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	303,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1000-2499 mature individuals	poor	inferred	2021
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	2015-2025
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Generation length	2.8 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified. The national population in Peru is estimated at less than 1,000 individuals (SERFOR 2018); assuming that around 2/3 of the population are mature this equates to roughly 670 mature individuals. There are no population size estimates available for Chile. The species appears local and less common in Peru, but fairly common in Chile (Jaramillo 2020). Based on this, and on observational records from eBird (2021), the national population in Chile may at most be twice the size of the population in Peru and is therefore tentatively suspected to number up to 2,000 mature individuals, roughly equating to 1,330 mature individuals. This number however requires confirmation. Based on these values, the global population is preliminarily inferred to number up to 2,000 mature individuals. To account for uncertainty, it is here placed in the band 1,000-2,499 mature individuals.
The subpopulation structure has not been formally assessed. However, it is assumed that the northern part of the distribution range acts as a population sink with individuals from southern Peru and Chile moving into the area (SERFOR 2018). Based on this, the population is assessed as forming one subpopulation.

Trend justification: Population trends differ across the range. The population is declining particularly in Peru, where the species has become rare and local owing to habitat loss and degradation (SERFOR 2018; Jaramillo 2020). The conversion of riparian thickets and shrubs to agricultural fields and settlements make the zone unsuitable for the species, as it does not occur in open or ubranised areas (Jaramillo 2020). This decline is partly alleviated by local increases and a range expansion in Chile (Jaramillo 2020). Precautionarily the overall population is inferred to be in decline as its habitat, and with it the Area of Occupancy, are shrinking in the north of the range. The rate of decline has not been quantified, but is unlikely to exceed 10% over ten years.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Chile	extant	native	yes
Peru	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Chile	Valle Azapa
Chile	Valle de Chaca
Chile	Valle de Lluta
Peru	Atiquipa
Peru	Cotahuasi
Peru	Nazca
Peru	Pisco
Peru	Río Tambo y Lagunas de Mejía
Peru	Valle del Majes

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Rural Gardens	suitable	resident
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	major	resident
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Moist	major	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls)	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 500 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	(max) 3500 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Slender-billed Finch Xenospingus concolor. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/slender-billed-finch-xenospingus-concolor on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.