• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	C2a(i)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2023	Near Threatened	C2a(i)
2016	Near Threatened	A2c+3c+4c
2012	Near Threatened	A2c+3c+4c
2008	Near Threatened	A2c; A3c; A4c
2004	Near Threatened
2000	Vulnerable
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	856,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	2500-9999 mature individuals	poor	suspected	2004
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	2017-2027
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	10-19%	-	-	-
Generation length	2.22 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	4-100	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	1-89%	-	-	-

Population justification: The species' stronghold appears to be in the Serra do Mar in Brazil where it is considered fairly common, while it is described as uncommon or rare in Paraguay and Argentina (see eBird 2023). In Argentina, the population numbers less than 2,500 mature individuals (MAyDS and AA 2017).
The overall population size has not been quantified, but it has been suspected that it may number fewer than 10,000 individuals (del Hoyo et al. 2004, Fitzpatrick 2022). In the absence of a recent estimate the population is therefore tentatively placed in the band 2,500-9,999 mature individuals, though an accurate quantification is urgently required.

Trend justification: The population trend has not been investigated. However, observational records suggest that the population has undergone declines particularly in the Argentinian and Paraguayan part of its range, where records have become increasingly infrequent over the past decades and the range appears to have contracted considerably (eBird 2023). Population declines are likely driven by forest loss and fragmentation (Fitzpatrick 2022). Habitat loss appears more extensive in Paraguay and Argentina, while in the Serra do Mar in Brazil large areas of forest remain (Global Forest Watch 2023).
Overall within the range, 8-9% of tree cover is lost over ten years (Global Forest Watch 2023, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein). Due to the additive impacts of forest degradation and fragmentation population declines are likely steeper than the rate of tree cover loss suggests; they are here tentatively placed in the band 10-19% over ten years. It is however noted that the rate of decline may vary locally, with steeper declines suspected in the western part of the range and slower declines or even stable populations in the east.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Argentina	extant	native	yes
Brazil	extant	native	yes
Paraguay	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Argentina	Alta cuenca del arroyo Alegría
Argentina	Campo San Juan
Argentina	Parque Nacional Iguazú y alrededores
Argentina	Parque Provincial Uruzú y Reserva Forestal San Jorge
Argentina	Reserva de la Biósfera Yabotí
Argentina	Reserva Privada Yaguaroundí
Argentina	San Antonio
Argentina	San Pedro
Brazil	Estação Ecológica de Juréia-Itatins
Brazil	Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar (entre Caraguatatuba e Picinguaba)
Paraguay	Bosque Mbaracayú
Paraguay	Estancia Itabó
Paraguay	Ka'aguy Rory
Paraguay	Parque Nacional Caazapá
Paraguay	Parque Nacional San Rafael
Paraguay	Serranías de San Joaquín
Paraguay	Ybyturuzú
Paraguay	Ypeti

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 500 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	(max) 1000 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Wood & pulp plantations - Agro-industry plantations	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Energy production & mining	Mining & quarrying	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Transportation & service corridors	Roads & railroads	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Sao Paulo Tyrannulet Phylloscartes paulista. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/sao-paulo-tyrannulet-phylloscartes-paulista on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.