EX
Saint Helena Hoopoe Upupa antaios



Taxonomy

Taxonomic note
Monotypic.

Taxonomic source(s)
Brooks, T. 2000. Extinct species. In: BirdLife International (ed.), Threatened Birds of the World, pp. 701-708. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona and Cambridge, U.K.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history
Red List criteria met
Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable
D D D1

Red List history
Year Category Criteria
2024 Extinct
2016 Extinct
2012 Extinct
2008 Extinct
2004 Extinct
2000 Extinct
1994 Extinct
1988 Extinct
Species attributes

Migratory status not a migrant Forest dependency medium
Land-mass type Average mass -
Range

Estimate Data quality
Severely fragmented? no -
Population
Estimate Data quality Derivation Year of estimate
Population size 0 mature individuals good estimated -
Population trend - - -
Generation length 2.44 years - - -

Population justification: No extant population remains.

Trend justification: This species is thought to have gone extinct around 1640 (Lewis 2008), known only from subfossil remains (Hume 2017), but little is known about the causes of its decline. The arrival of Europeans on St Helena Island in 1502 likely was the beginning of its decline, and habitat loss, the introduction of rats and cats, and possibly a loss of invertebrate prey items all likely contributed to its extinction (Hume 2017).


Country/territory distribution
Country/Territory Presence Origin Resident Breeding visitor Non-breeding visitor Passage migrant
St Helena (to UK) extinct native yes

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)
Country/Territory IBA Name

Habitats & altitude
Habitat (level 1) Habitat (level 2) Importance Occurrence
Forest Temperate major resident
Grassland Temperate possible resident
Shrubland Temperate major resident
Altitude   Occasional altitudinal limits  

Threats & impact
Threat (level 1) Threat (level 2) Impact and Stresses
Biological resource use Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest] Timing Scope Severity Impact
Past, Unlikely to Return Unknown Unknown Past Impact
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] Timing Scope Severity Impact
Past, Unlikely to Return Unknown Unknown Past Impact
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species Timing Scope Severity Impact
Past, Unlikely to Return Majority (50-90%) Unknown Past Impact
Stresses
Species disturbance, Competition, Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Saint Helena Hoopoe Upupa antaios. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/saint-helena-hoopoe-upupa-antaios on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.