• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	B1ab(iii)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2021	Vulnerable	B1ab(iii)
2016	Vulnerable	B1ab(iii,v);C2a(i);D2
2012	Vulnerable	B1ab(iii,v);C2a(i);D2
2008	Vulnerable	B1a+b(iii,v); C2a(i); D2
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Endangered
1996	Endangered
1994	Endangered
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	low
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	17,600 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	6,660 km2
Number of locations	6-10	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	20000-49999 mature individuals	medium	estimated	2016
Population trend	decreasing	poor	suspected	2015-2026
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Generation length	3.4 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	3	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	1-89%	-	-	-

Population justification: Based on observed densities of 0 individuals/km² in forest, 5.2 individuals/km² in páramo and 65.2 individuals/km² in sub-páramo, the population is estimated to number around 60,000 individuals, equating to 40,000 mature individuals; however this is likely an overestimation (Renjifo et al. 2016). To account for this uncertainty, the global population is therefore here placed in the band 20,000-49,999 mature individuals.
Based on observational records (per eBird 2020), it is assumed that the species forms three subpopulations.

Trend justification: The population trend has not been quantified directly. Within the range, habitat quality is degraded through firewood collection, grazing, burning and agricultural expansion (Renjifo et al. 2016; Collar and Boesman 2020). As such, the population is assumed to be decreasing at a rate not exceeding 10% over three generations (10.2 years); the reduction is believed to continue at this rate into the future.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Colombia	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Colombia	Bosques del Oriente de Risaralda
Colombia	Cuenca del Río Toche
Colombia	Finca Paraguay
Colombia	Lagunas Bombona y Vancouver
Colombia	Páramos y Bosques Altoandinos de Génova
Colombia	Reserva Natural Ibanasca
Colombia	Reservas Comunitarias de Roncesvalles

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable Land	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	suitable	unset
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude	major	resident
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude	major	resident
Altitude	3200 - 4000 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	(min) 2800 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Species mortality

Purpose	Scale
Pets/display animals, horticulture	subsistence, national

---

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Rufous-fronted Parakeet Bolborhynchus ferrugineifrons. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/rufous-fronted-parakeet-bolborhynchus-ferrugineifrons on 24/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 24/11/2024.