• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Slikas, B.; Jones, I. B.; Derrickson, S. R.; Fleischer, R. C. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships of Micronesian white-eyes based on mitochondrial sequence data. The Auk 117: 355-365.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)	B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)	B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii); D2

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2017	Critically Endangered	B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)
2016	Critically Endangered	B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2013	Critically Endangered	B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2012	Critically Endangered	B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2010	Critically Endangered	B1a+b(i,ii,iii,v); B2a+b(i,ii,iii,v)
2009	Critically Endangered	B1a+b(i,ii,iii,v); B2a+b(i,ii,iii,v)
2008	Critically Endangered
2004	Critically Endangered
2000	Critically Endangered
1996	Critically Endangered
1994	Critically Endangered
1988	Not Recognised

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	8 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	3 km2
Number of locations	1	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	3750-14000 mature individuals	good	estimated	2012
Population trend	increasing	medium	estimated	2000-2010
Generation length	3.5 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification:

In 1982, the species was estimated to have a population of 8,741–18,487 individuals (Engbring et al. 1986). Since then, surveys have estimated 300-1,500 birds in 1990 (Craig and Taisacan 1994), 1,165 birds in 1996, with 94% of the population restricted to four patches of forest covering only 259 ha (Fancy and Snetsinger 2001), and 1,092 birds in 1999 (Amidon 2000, Williams 2004). Thus the population rapidly declined between 1982 and 1999, but the population has stabilised or increased since the 1990s (F. Amidon in litt. 2007, 2010, 2011, Zarones et al. 2013) and returned to 1980s levels to an estimated population of 5,620-20,961 individuals in 2012 (Camp et al. 2015). This is roughly equivalent to 3,750-14,000 mature individuals.

Trend justification: A decline of 50-79% over three generations (10.5 years) was estimated based on a decline from 10,763 in 1982 to 1,092 in 1999 (Williams 2004). The population has stabilised or increased since the 1990s (F. Amidon in litt. 2007, 2010, 2011, Zarones et al. 2013) and returned to 1980s levels by 2012 (Camp et al. 2015), so the current trend is assessed as increasing over the past 3 generations.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	extant	native		yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	Rota

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Altitude	100 - 490 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather	Storms & flooding	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Boiga irregularis	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Dicrurus macrocercus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Named species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Aplonis opaca	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Corvus kubaryi	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Pollution	Agricultural & forestry effluents - Herbicides and pesticides	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Rota White-eye Zosterops rotensis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/rota-white-eye-zosterops-rotensis on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.