• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	B2ab(ii,iii,v); C2a(i)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2022	Vulnerable	B2ab(ii,iii,v)
2016	Vulnerable	B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(i)
2012	Vulnerable	B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v);C2a(i)
2008	Near Threatened	C2a(i)
2004	Near Threatened
2000	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1996	Lower Risk/Conservation Dependent
1994	Lower Risk/Conservation Dependent
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type	Australia	Average mass	37 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	196,000 km2	medium
Area of Occupancy (breeding/resident)	1,400 km2
Number of locations	10	-
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	1000-5000, 4100 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2020
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	-
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	20-29%	-	-	-
Generation length	4.31 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	3-4	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	1-89%	-	-	-

Population justification: The population of Red-lored Whistler is difficult to estimate because they are patchily distributed in most areas even if the habitat seems suitable. The population at Round Hill and Nombinnie Nature Reserves was estimated at 500 in 2017–2018 (NSW OEH 2018), with 100 in Riverland Reserve in 2012 (P. Waanders 2012, unpublished), about 2400 in Murray–Sunset in 2018–2019 (S. Verdon unpublished) and about 200 in the Big Desert (R. Clarke unpublished). The maximum population has been estimated from the mean of the product of recorded densities (2 birds/km², Woinarski [1987]; 10 birds/km², Moise [2008]) and the AOO.

Trend justification: A continuing decline is likely. Fire and drought have greatly reduced the population size in Riverland Biosphere Reserve, and Billiatt and Ngarkat Conservation Parks within the last three generations (P Waanders, L Ireland, C Hedger, R Boulton unpublished) but trends outside South Australia are unclear. In the last 30 years, they have disappeared from the northern Eyre Peninsula (since 1996), Mount Boothby and Ferries-McDonald Conservation Parks (since 1980s) and all habitat east of the Murray River in South Australia; from Pulletop Nature Reserve (since 1982), near Ennisvale, Springwood Station and Tarawi Nature Reserves (since 1996) in New South Wales; and Hattah-Kulkyne National Park, Bronzewing and Wathe Flora and Fauna Reserves (since 1980s; DEWLP 2016). Historically large parts of its range have been lost to habitat conversion, however recent declines have been primarily driven by fires.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Australia	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Australia	Central NSW Mallee
Australia	Murray-Sunset, Hattah and Annuello
Australia	Riverland Mallee
Australia	Wyperfeld, Big Desert and Ngarkat

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Shrubland	Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation	major	resident
Altitude	35 - 180 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Gathering terrestrial plants - Unintentional effects (species is not the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather	Droughts	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Capra hircus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Oryctolagus cuniculus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Vulpes vulpes	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases - Pachycephala inornata	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Hybridisation
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation, Species mortality
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression - Trend Unknown/Unrecorded	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 7
		Stresses Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Red-lored Whistler Pachycephala rufogularis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/red-lored-whistler-pachycephala-rufogularis on 23/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/12/2024.