• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2021	Near Threatened	C2a(ii)
2018	Vulnerable	C2a(ii)
2016	Vulnerable	B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2012	Vulnerable	B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)
2008	Vulnerable	B1a+b(i,ii,iii,v)
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1994	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1988	Near Threatened

Migratory status	altitudinal migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	36,000 km2	medium
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	22,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	yes	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	3000-12000 mature individuals	medium	estimated	2007
Population trend	decreasing	poor	suspected	2016-2027
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Generation length	4 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: The breeding population in the Important Bird Areas (IBAs) of Costa Rica is estimated at 1,000-4,000 mature individuals (J. Criado in litt. 2007; J. Sánchez in litt. 2007). These IBAs cover roughly 1/3 of the total breeding and resident range. Assuming that the species occurs at similar densities throughout its range, the total population is estimated at 3,000-12,000 mature individuals. This equates to 4,500-18,000 individuals in total.
Due to its altitudinal migration, dispersal abilities and apparent tolerance of some habitat degradation (Collar and Boesman 2020), the species is here assumed to form one single subpopulation.

Trend justification: The species's population is suspected to be declining, as its forest habitat in parts of its range is cleared. Overall, forest loss has been low in recent years; over the past three generations (12 years; Bird et al. 2020) the species has lost 2% of tree cover within its total range (Global Forest Watch 2021). Forest clearance has been more pronounced in lowland and mid-elevation parts of the range than in the highlands (Global Forest Watch 2021; C. Sánchez in litt. 2021).
The species appears to be able to tolerate some degree of habitat disturbance (Collar and Boesman 2020) and hence, population declines caused by habitat loss and degradation are likely to be very low. The rate of decline is therefore placed in the band 1-9% over three generations.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Costa Rica	extant	native	yes
Panama	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Costa Rica	Arenal-Monteverde
Costa Rica	Central Volcanic Cordillera
Costa Rica	La Amistad Caribe
Costa Rica	Los Santos, La Amistad Pacífico
Costa Rica	Talamanca Highlands
Panama	Fortuna Forest Reserve
Panama	General de División Omar Torrijos Herrera National Park
Panama	La Amistad International Park
Panama	Palo Seco Protection Forest
Panama	Santa Clara
Panama	Volcán Barú National Park

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	500 - 3000 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Whole (>90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression - Trend Unknown/Unrecorded	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Causing/Could cause fluctuations		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Residential & commercial development	Tourism & recreation areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Purpose	Scale
Pets/display animals, horticulture	international

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Red-fronted Parrotlet Touit costaricensis. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/red-fronted-parrotlet-touit-costaricensis on 26/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 26/12/2024.