Data Zone
Taxonomic note
Vireo olivaceus (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) has been split into Red-eyed Vireo V. olivaceus and Chivi Vireo V. chivi, as previously adopted by Stotz et al. (1996). Battey and Klicka (2017) strengthen this case on the basis of complete genetic separation and entirely antithetical patterns of movement but make no attempt to consider morphological characters. Boesman (2016) provides further support via finding that there is an extreme likelihood that there are consistent differences between the songs, (allowing a score of 4), plus chivi has a dark brown versus ruby-red iris (3) and the different migratory habits (maximum permitted score 1). Consequently, Chivi Vireo V. chivi is accorded species status.
Taxonomic source(s)
Battey, C. J., & Klicka, J. 2017. Cryptic speciation and gene flow in a migratory songbird species complex: Insights from the Red-eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus). Molecular phylogenetics and evolution 113: 67-75.
Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International. 2019. Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 4. Available at: https://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v4_Dec19.zip.
Stotz, D.F.; Fitzpatrick, J.W.; Parker, T.A.; Moskovits, D.K. 1996. Neotropical Birds: Ecology and Conservation. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | Least Concern | |
| 2016 | Not Recognised | |
| 2012 | Not Recognised | |
| 2008 | Not Recognised | |
| 2004 | Not Recognised | |
| 2000 | Not Recognised | |
| 1994 | Not Recognised | |
| 1988 | Not Recognised |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | high |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 16,300,000 km2 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) | 14,500,000 km2 | medium |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | unknown | poor | - | - |
| Population trend | increasing | - | estimated | - |
| Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 14.5% | - | - | - |
| Generation length | 4.2 years | - | - | - |
Population justification: Partners in Flight estimate the global population to number 180 million mature individuals (A. Panjabi in litt. 2017), however this was before the taxonomic split of Vireo chivi. Nevertheless, the population size is extremely large.
Trend justification:
This species has undergone an increase over the last 50 years in North America (44% increase between 1966 and 2015 based on the North American Breeding Bird Survey (Sauer et al. 2017), or 43% increase between 1970 and 2014 based on Partners in Flight (A. Panjabi in litt. 2017)). Recent trends suggest a large, significant increase of 14.5% over the last three generations (Sauer et al. 2017).
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antigua and Barbuda | extant | native | ||||
| Argentina | extant | native | yes | |||
| Aruba (to Netherlands) | extant | native | ||||
| Bahamas | extant | native | ||||
| Barbados | extant | native | ||||
| Belize | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Bermuda (to UK) | extant | native | ||||
| Bolivia | extant | native | ||||
| Brazil | extant | native | ||||
| Canada | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Cayman Islands (to UK) | extant | native | ||||
| Chile | extant | native | ||||
| Colombia | extant | native | ||||
| Costa Rica | extant | native | yes | |||
| Cuba | extant | native | ||||
| Dominica | extant | native | ||||
| Dominican Republic | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Ecuador | extant | native | ||||
| El Salvador | extant | native | ||||
| French Guiana | extant | native | ||||
| Greenland (to Denmark) | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Guadeloupe (to France) | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Guatemala | extant | native | ||||
| Guyana | extant | native | ||||
| Haiti | extant | native | ||||
| Honduras | extant | native | ||||
| Iceland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Ireland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Jamaica | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Malta | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Martinique (to France) | extant | native | ||||
| Mexico | extant | native | ||||
| Montserrat (to UK) | extant | native | ||||
| Morocco | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Netherlands | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Nicaragua | extant | native | yes | |||
| Panama | extant | native | ||||
| Paraguay | extant | native | yes | |||
| Peru | extant | native | ||||
| Poland | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Puerto Rico (to USA) | extant | native | ||||
| St Kitts and Nevis | extant | native | ||||
| St Lucia | extant | native | ||||
| St Pierre and Miquelon (to France) | extant | native | yes | |||
| St Vincent and the Grenadines | extant | native | ||||
| Suriname | extant | native | ||||
| Trinidad and Tobago | extant | native | yes | |||
| Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK) | extant | native | ||||
| United Kingdom | extant | vagrant | ||||
| United States Minor Outlying Islands (to USA) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Uruguay | extant | native | yes | |||
| USA | extant | native | yes | |||
| Venezuela | extant | native | ||||
| Virgin Islands (to UK) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Virgin Islands (to USA) | extant | vagrant |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Plantations | suitable | non-breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest | suitable | breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest | suitable | non-breeding |
| Forest | Boreal | suitable | breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | major | breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | major | non-breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | major | breeding |
| Altitude | 0 - 1500 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Purpose | Scale |
|---|---|
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | international |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Red-eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/red-eyed-vireo-vireo-olivaceus on 24/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 24/11/2024.