• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note

Ramphiculus fischeri was previously split as R. fischeri and R. meridionalis (del Hoyo and Collar 2014), prior to which they were previously placed in the genus Ptilinopus and lumped as P. fischeri following Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993). Taxon meridionalis differs in its dark slate-grey vs dull emerald-green wing-coverts, secondaries, tertials, back and rump (3); mantle as dark grey as rest of wings and back vs whitish-grey shading to mid-grey before shading to the green of the upper back (ns1); white vs yellowish-white chin and upper throat (ns1); breast to mid-belly greyish-white vs mid-grey (2); mid-belly to vent greyish-white vs dull yellowish-grey (2). However, the form centralis sits between these two extremes and is intermediate in plumage, suggesting that differences may be clinal, and there is no indication of any vocal difference, so for now meridionalis is returned to a subspecies of R. fischeri. Formerly placed in genus Leucotreron. Closely allied to R. occipitalis. Three subspecies recognized.

Taxonomic source(s)
Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International. 2023. Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world. Version 8. Available at: https://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v8_Dec23.zip.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2023	Least Concern
2016	Not Recognised
2014	Not Recognised
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	267,000 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	unknown	-	-	-
Population trend	decreasing	-	suspected	-
Generation length	5.61 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	3	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	1-89%	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is described as uncommon (Gibbs et al. 2001, Eaton et al. 2021).

Trend justification: Much of this species' range lies above the altitudes where forest loss is occurring, and remote sensing data indicates that tree cover loss is ongoing slowly at a rate equivalent to 3-4% in three generations (Global Forest Watch 2023 using data from Hansen et al. [2013] and methods disclosed therein). The environs of the Lompobattang massif are one of the most densely populated areas of Sulawesi and all forest below 1,000-1,500 m, and locally up to 1,700 m, has disappeared as a result of land clearance for transmigration settlements, commercial logging and both shifting and plantation agriculture, affecting subspecies meridionalis. Remaining forest continues to be threatened by human activities. However, records from recently logged forest (eBird 2023) suggest this species may be relatively adaptable and less seriously threatened by logging activities than many forest birds (del Hoyo et al. 2022). Precautionarily therefore, the species is suspected to be declining slowly as a result of ongoing forest loss, although the rate has not been quantified.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Indonesia	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Indonesia	Bogani Nani Wartabone
Indonesia	Gunung Klabat
Indonesia	Gunung Simbalang
Indonesia	Karaeng - Lompobattang
Indonesia	Lore Lindu
Indonesia	Mekongga
Indonesia	Morowali
Indonesia	Pegunungan Latimojong

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	1000 - 3000 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Red-eared Fruit-dove Ramphiculus fischeri. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/red-eared-fruit-dove-ramphiculus-fischeri on 22/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 22/11/2024.