• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note

Caryothraustes erythromelas (del Hoyo and Collar 2016) was previously placed in the genus Periporphyrus following SACC (2005 & updates); Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993); Stotz et al. (1996).

 

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2020	Least Concern
2018	Near Threatened	A3c
2016	Near Threatened	A3c
2013	Near Threatened	A3c
2012	Near Threatened	A3c
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	2,530,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	100000-499999 mature individuals	poor	suspected	2020
Population trend	decreasing	-	inferred	2016-2026
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	7-11%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	7-15%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	7-15%	-	-	-
Generation length	3.26 years	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population size has not been estimated directly, but this species is described as 'uncommon and patchily distributed' (Stotz et al. 1996, O. Ottema in litt. 2020), and is not present in all suitable habitat patches within its range (Thiollay 2002). Based on the minimum recorded population density of a congener (Caryothraustes canadensis, 2.1 individuals per km²; Thiollay 1986), the estimated area of forest within the species's range in 2010 (1,090,000 km²; Global Forest Watch 2020), and assuming 10-25% of the forest is occupied by the species, the population size is tentatively suspected to fall within the band 216,200 - 540,800 individuals, roughly equating to 144,100 - 360,500 mature individuals and here placed in the band 100,000 - 499,999 mature individuals.

Trend justification: Remote-sensed data indicates that over ten years from 2009-2019, approximately 7% of tree cover was lost within the species's mapped range (Global Forest Watch 2020). The species is therefore inferred to be undergoing a continuing decline.

An analysis of the impact of disturbance on forest species in Pará found that in private lands or sustainable-use reserves, the impact of disturbance on biodiversity was equivalent to that of an additional 51% loss of forest (Barlow et al. 2016). Assuming that the population size is proportional to forest area, and taking into account the potential additional impact of disturbance, the population size is suspected to have undergone a reduction 7-11% over the past decade.

Over the period 2016-2019, approximately 4% of the total forest area was lost. If this rate were to continue over the next ten years, this would amount to a loss of 10%. Assuming that the population size is proportional to forest area, and that disturbance may increase the impact of deforestation by 51%, a population reduction of 7-15% is suspected over the next decade.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Brazil	extant	native	yes
French Guiana	extant	native	yes
Guyana	extant	native	yes
Suriname	extant	native	yes
Venezuela	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 1100 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Energy production & mining	Mining & quarrying	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Red-and-black Grosbeak Caryothraustes erythromelas. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/red-and-black-grosbeak-caryothraustes-erythromelas on 24/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 24/12/2024.